{"adverse_reactions":["No systemic adverse reactions ahve been reported. Occasional hypersensitivity (localized contact dermatitis) may occur, in which case the product should be discontinues and the physician notified immediately."],"clinical_pharmacology":["Topical application of hydroquinone produces a reversible depigmentation of the skin by inhibition of the enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine to 3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and suppression of other melanocyte metabolic processes. Exposure to sunlight or ultraiolet light will cause repigmentation of the bleached areas, which may be orevented by the use of sunblocking agents or sunscreen agents contained in the Obagi Nu - Derm Sunfader and Obagi Nu - Derm Sun shield Matte Broad Spectrum SPF 50."],"contraindications":["People with prior history of sensitivity or allergic reaction to this product or any of its ingredients should not use it. The safety of hydroquinone use during pregnancy or in children (12 years and under) has not been established."],"description":["Hydroquinone is 1,4 benzenediol. The drug is freely soluble in water and in alcohol. Chemically, hydroquinone is designed as p - dihydroxybenzene; the empirical formula is C6H6)2; molecular weight is 110.11 g / moL. Each gram of Obagi Nu - Derm contains: Active ingredient: Hydroquinone USP, 4 % (40 mg / g) Inactive ingredients: water, cetyl alcohol, glycerin, sodium lauryl sulfate, stearyl alcohol, lactic acid, tocopheryl acetate, ascorbic acid, sodium metabisulfite, disodium ESTA, methylparaben, BHT, propylparaben, saponins, butylparaben Each gram of Obagi Nu 0 Derm Blender contains: Active ingredient: Hydroquinone USP 4 % (40 mg / g) Inactive ingredients: water, glycerin, cetyl alcohol, PPG - 2 myristal ether propionate, sodium lauryl sulfate, TEA - salicylate, lactic acid, phenyl trimethicone, tocopherylcetate, sodium metabisulfite, ascorbic acid, methylparaben, disodium EDTA, propylparaben, saponins, BHT Each gram of Obagi Nu - Derm Sunfader contains: Active ingredients: Hydroquinone USP 4 % (40 ,g /g/); Octinoxate USP, 7.5 %; Oxybenzene USP. 5.5 % Inactive ingredients: water, cetyl alcohol, glycerin, sodium lauryl sulfate, stearyl alcohol, tocopheryl acetate, ascorbic acid, sodium metabisulfite, disodium EDTA, BHT, saponins, propylparaben, butylparaben"],"dosage_and_administration":["A thin application should be applied once or twice daily or as directed by a physician. If no improvement is seen after three ( 3 ) months of treatment, use of this product should be discontinued. Sun exposure should be limited by using a sunscreen agent, a sunblocking agent or protective clothing to cover bleached skin when using and after using this product in order to prevent darkening from reoccurring."],"effective_time":"20141011","id":"bb0c2006-4184-4a86-bb19-e19a4325a3af","indications_and_usage":["For the gradual bleaching of hyperpigmented skin conditions such as chloasma, melasma, freckles, senile pentigines, and other unwanted areas of melanin hyperpigmentation"],"openfda":{},"package_label_principal_display_panel":["copy of label"],"precautions":["(See also WARNINGS) Treatment should be limited to relatively small areas of the body at one time since some patients experience a transient skin reddening and a mild burning sensation, which does not preclude treatment. Pregnancy Category C Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with topical hydroquinone. It is also not known whether hydroquinone can cause fetal harm when used topically on a pregnant woman or affect reproductive capacity. It is not known to what degree, if any, topical hydroquinone is absorbed systemically. Topical hydroquinone should be used on pregnant women only when clearly indicated. Nursing Mothers It is not known whether topical hydroquinone is absorbed or excreted in human milk. Caution is advised when topical hydroquinone is used by a nursing mother. Pediatric Usage Safety and effectiveness in children below the age of 12 years have not been established."],"set_id":"f9d3f466-12db-433d-9a25-751624041b68","spl_product_data_elements":["Obagi Nu-Derm Sunfader HYDROQUINONE, OCTINOXATE, OXYBENZONE HYDROQUINONE HYDROQUINONE OCTINOXATE OCTINOXATE OXYBENZONE OXYBENZONE BUTYLPARABEN STEARYL ALCOHOL SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE CETYL ALCOHOL GLYCERIN ASCORBIC ACID .ALPHA.-TOCOPHEROL ACETATE EDETATE DISODIUM SODIUM METABISULFITE WATER METHYLPARABEN PROPYLPARABEN BUTYLATED HYDROXYTOLUENE"],"spl_unclassified_section":["Rx Only For external use only"],"storage_and_handling":["Store at controlled room temperature: 15 C - 25 C (59 F - 77 F). Keep out of direct sunlight."],"version":"3","warnings":["Hydroquinone is a skin - bleaching agent, which may produce unwanted cosmetic effects if not used as directed. The physician should be familiar with the contents of this insert before prescribing or dispensing this product. Test for skin sensitivity before using by applying a small amount to an unbroken patch of skin and check within 24 hours. Minor redness is not a contraindication, but where there is itching or vesicle formation or excessive inflammatory response, product should be discontinued and physician consulted. Close patient supervision is recommended. Warnings: Avoid contact with eyes, nose, mouth, and lips. In case of accidental contact, patient should rinse thoroughly with water and contact a physician. Sunscreen use is an essential aspect of hydroquinone therapy because even minimal sunlight exposure sustains melanocytic activity. Contains sodium metabusulfite, a sulfite that may cause allergic - type reactions including anaphylactic symptoms and life - threatening or elss severe asthmatic episodes in certain susceptible people. The overall prevalence of sulfite sensitivity in te general population is unknown and probably low. Sulfite sensitivity is seen more frequently in asthmatic than in nonasthmatic people"]}