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boxed warning
WARNING: INCREASED MORTALITY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA-RELATED PSYCHOSIS Elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs are at an increased risk of death. Risperidone is not approved for the treatment of patients with dementia-related psychosis [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.1 ) ]. WARNING: INCREASED MORTALITY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA-RELATED PSYCHOSIS See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. Elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs are at an increased risk of death. Risperidone is not approved for use in patients with dementia-related psychosis. ( 5.1 )
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warnings and cautions
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Cerebrovascular events, including stroke, in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis: Risperidone is not approved for use in patients with dementia-related psychosis. ( 5.2 ) Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: Manage with immediate discontinuation of risperidone and close monitoring. ( 5.3 ) Tardive dyskinesia: Consider discontinuing risperidone if clinically indicated. ( 5.4 ) Metabolic Changes: Atypical antipsychotic drugs have been associated with metabolic changes that may increase cardiovascular/ cerebrovascular risk. These metabolic changes include hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and weight gain. ( 5.5 ) Hyperglycemia and Diabetes Mellitus: Monitor patients for symptoms of hyperglycemia including polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, and weakness. Monitor glucose regularly in patients with diabetes or at risk for diabetes. ( 5.5 ) Dyslipidemia: Undesirable alterations have been observed in patients treated with atypical antipsychotics. ( 5.5 ) Weight Gain: Significant weight gain has been reported. Monitor weight gain. ( 5.5 ) Hyperprolactinemia: Prolactin elevations occur and persist during chronic administration. ( 5.6 ) Orthostatic hypotension: For patients at risk, consider a lower starting dose and slower titration. ( 5.7 ) Leukopenia, Neutropenia, and Agranulocytosis: Perform complete blood counts in patients with a history of clinically significant low white blood cell count (WBC). Consider discontinuing risperidone if a clinically significant decline in WBC occurs in the absence of other causative factors. ( 5.9 ) Potential for cognitive and motor impairment: Use caution when operating machinery. ( 5.10 ) Seizures: Use cautiously in patients with a history of seizures or with conditions that lower the seizure threshold. ( 5.11 ) 5.1 Increased Mortality in Elderly Patients with Dementia-Related Psychosis Elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs are at an increased risk of death. Analyses of 17 placebo-controlled trials (modal duration of 10 weeks), largely in patients taking atypical antipsychotic drugs, revealed a risk of death in drug-treated patients of between 1.6 to 1.7 times the risk of death in placebo-treated patients. Over the course of a typical 10-week controlled trial, the rate of death in drug-treated patients was about 4.5%, compared to a rate of about 2.6% in th...
warnings and cautions table
Table 2. Change in Random Glucose from Seven Placebo-Controlled, 3- to 8-Week, Fixed- or Flexible-Dose Studies in Adult Subjects with Schizophrenia or Bipolar ManiaRisperidone Placebo 1 to 8 mg/day >8 to 16 mg/dayMean change from baseline (mg/dL)n = 555n = 748n = 164Serum Glucose-1.40.80.6Proportion of patients with shiftsSerum Glucose(<140 mg/dL to ≥ 200 mg/dL)0.6%(3/525)0.4%(3/702)0%(0/158)
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adverse reactions
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following are discussed in more detail in other sections of the labeling: Increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis [ see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ) ] Cerebrovascular adverse events, including stroke, in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 ) ] Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 ) ] Tardive dyskinesia [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 ) ] Metabolic Changes (Hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus, Dyslipidemia, and Weight Gain) [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 ) ] Hyperprolactinemia [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 ) ] Orthostatic hypotension [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 ) ] Falls [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 ) ] Leukopenia, neutropenia, and agranulocytosis [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.9 ) ] Potential for cognitive and motor impairment [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.10 ) ] Seizures [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.11 ) ] Dysphagia [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.12 ) ] Priapism [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.13 ) ] Disruption of body temperature regulation [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.14 ) ] The most common adverse reactions in clinical trials (>5% and twice placebo) were parkinsonism, akathisia, dystonia, tremor, sedation, dizziness, anxiety, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, upper abdominal pain, stomach discomfort, dyspepsia, diarrhea, salivary hypersecretion, constipation, dry mouth, increased appetite, increased weight, fatigue, rash, nasal congestion, upper respiratory tract infection, nasopharyngitis, and pharyngolaryngeal pain. The most common adverse reactions that were associated with discontinuation from clinical trials (causing discontinuation in >1% of adults and/or >2% of pediatrics) were nausea, somnolence, sedation, vomiting, dizziness, and akathisia [ see Adverse Reactions , Discontinuations Due to Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 ) ]. The data described in this section are derived from a clinical trial database consisting of 9803 adult and pediatric patients exposed to one or more doses of risperidone for the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar mania, autistic disorder, and other psychiatric disorders in pediatrics and elderly patients with dementia. Of these 9803 patients, 2687 were patients who received risperidone while participating in do...
adverse reactions table
Percentage of Patients Reporting Reaction RisperidoneSystem/Organ ClassAdverse Reaction2 to 8 mg per day(n = 366)> 8 to 16 mg per day(n = 198)Placebo(n = 225)Cardiac Disorders Tachycardia 130Eye DisordersVision blurred311Gastrointestinal DisordersNausea944Constipation896Dyspepsia865Dry mouth401Abdominal discomfort 311Salivary hypersecretion21<1Diarrhea211General DisordersFatigue310Chest pain221Asthenia21<1Infections and InfestationsNasopharyngitis 343Upper respiratory tract infection 231Sinusitis 121Urinary tract infection 130InvestigationsBlood creatine phosphokinase increased12<1Heart rate increased<120Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue DisordersBack pain411Arthralgia 23<1Pain in extremity 211Nervous System DisordersParkinsonism*14178Akathisia*10103Sedation1052Dizziness742Dystonia*342Tremor*231Dizziness postural200Psychiatric DisordersInsomnia322527Anxiety