lhasaoms.comSEIRIN JR ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLES
SEIRIN-AMERICA, INC.
SEIRIN-AMERICA, INC.
FDA Registration(s)
| Registration | FEI | Name | Status | Initial importer | Expiration year | Address |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1222113 | 1222113 | SEIRIN-AMERICA, INC. | 1 | Y | 2026-01-01 | 230 LIBBEY PKWY. Weymouth MA US 02189 |
| 8031680 | 3003135788 | SEIRIN CORPORATION | 1 | N | 2026-01-01 | 147 Ouchi SHIMIZU-KU SHIZUOKA-SHI JP 424-0061 |
GUDID Contact Samples
| Source GUDID | Product | Phone | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14547248022102 | SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The world's most popular acupuncture needle is now available in a user-friendly 10-pack. J-ProPak® 10 needles are made from the highest quality stainless steel and feature a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. It continues the J-Type's tradition of gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture but also features an easy open multi-pack, that allows for easy access to 10 needles at a time. The J-ProPak® 10 blister pack also converts into a functional dispenser that can rest on a treatment tray or other surface, keeping the needles sterile and easily accessible during treatment. Each blister pack contains 10 plastic handle needles and one polypropylene guide tube. Box of 100. | 800 722 8775 | customerservice@lhasaoms.com |
| 14547248022164 | SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The world's most popular acupuncture needle is now available in a user-friendly 10-pack. J-ProPak® 10 needles are made from the highest quality stainless steel and feature a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. It continues the J-Type's tradition of gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture but also features an easy open multi-pack, that allows for easy access to 10 needles at a time. The J-ProPak® 10 blister pack also converts into a functional dispenser that can rest on a treatment tray or other surface, keeping the needles sterile and easily accessible during treatment. Each blister pack contains 10 plastic handle needles and one polypropylene guide tube. Box of 100. | 800 722 8775 | customerservice@lhasaoms.com |
| 14547248176102 | SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - SEIRIN D-Type needles are a perfect choice for gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture treatments where shallow needling is performed. Similar in style to the J-Type, the D-Type needle is available only in a length of 15 mm and does not have guide tubes, which make it ideal for freehand techniques. The color-coded 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle gives the practitioner a secure grip. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles. | 800 722 8775 | customerservice@lhasaoms.com |
Registered Device Listings
| Registration key | Listing key |
|---|---|
| 41452 | 1606720431 |
| 41452 | 1705098665 |
| 41452 | 1735239283 |
PMN
SEIRIN PYONEX ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLES
SEIRIN-AMERICA, INC.
SEIRIN SPINEX INTRADERMAL ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLES
SEIRIN-AMERICA, INC.
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLES
SEIRIN-AMERICA, INC.
GUDID
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The world's most popular acupuncture needle is now available in a user-friendly 10-pack. J-ProPak® 10 needles are made from the highest quality stainless steel and feature a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. It continues the J-Type's tradition of gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture but also features an easy open multi-pack, that allows for easy access to 10 needles at a time. The J-ProPak® 10 blister pack also converts into a functional dispenser that can rest on a treatment tray or other surface, keeping the needles sterile and easily accessible during treatment. Each blister pack contains 10 plastic handle needles and one polypropylene guide tube. Box of 100.
2026-02-11
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The world's most popular acupuncture needle is now available in a user-friendly 10-pack. J-ProPak® 10 needles are made from the highest quality stainless steel and feature a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. It continues the J-Type's tradition of gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture but also features an easy open multi-pack, that allows for easy access to 10 needles at a time. The J-ProPak® 10 blister pack also converts into a functional dispenser that can rest on a treatment tray or other surface, keeping the needles sterile and easily accessible during treatment. Each blister pack contains 10 plastic handle needles and one polypropylene guide tube. Box of 100.
2026-02-11
SEIRIN PYONEX NEEDLES - Designed with both the patient and practitioner in mind, the new and advanced Pyonex™ Singles continue SEIRIN's tradition of gentle, painless and stress free press needles. The patented plastic case and sheath allow the practitioner to insert the needle without touching the needle tip or the surface of the Micropore adhesive tape. This hypoallergenic latex-free adhesive allows the skin to breathe during treatment. With SEIRIN's consistently smooth insertion, the result is a pleasant and painless experience for your patient.
2026-02-11
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - Metal Handle with Guide Tube
2025-07-31
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - Metal Handle with Guide Tube
2025-07-31
SEIRIN PY-Zero - PY-Zero is a non-invasive and stress-free acupressure device that stimulates through gentle pressing instead of a needle tip. The patented plastic case and sheath enable the practitioner to insert the needle without touching the needle tip or the surface of the Micropore adhesive tape. This hypoallergenic, latex-free adhesive allows the skin to breathe during treatment.
2025-03-03
SEIRIN PY-Zero - PY-Zero is a non-invasive and stress-free acupressure device that stimulates through gentle pressing instead of a needle tip. The patented plastic case and sheath enable the practitioner to insert the needle without touching the needle tip or the surface of the Micropore adhesive tape. This hypoallergenic, latex-free adhesive allows the skin to breathe during treatment.
2025-03-03
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - SEIRIN D-Type needles are a perfect choice for gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture treatments where shallow needling is performed. Similar in style to the J-Type, the D-Type needle is available only in a length of 15 mm and does not have guide tubes, which make it ideal for freehand techniques. The color-coded 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle gives the practitioner a secure grip. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - SEIRIN D-Type needles are a perfect choice for gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture treatments where shallow needling is performed. Similar in style to the J-Type, the D-Type needle is available only in a length of 15 mm and does not have guide tubes, which make it ideal for freehand techniques. The color-coded 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle gives the practitioner a secure grip. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - SEIRIN D-Type needles are a perfect choice for gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture treatments where shallow needling is performed. Similar in style to the J-Type, the D-Type needle is available only in a length of 15 mm and does not have guide tubes, which make it ideal for freehand techniques. The color-coded 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle gives the practitioner a secure grip. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - SEIRIN D-Type needles are a perfect choice for gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture treatments where shallow needling is performed. Similar in style to the J-Type, the D-Type needle is available only in a length of 15 mm and does not have guide tubes, which make it ideal for freehand techniques. The color-coded 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle gives the practitioner a secure grip. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-Type acupuncture needle is renowned for its role in producing gentle, painless and stress-free treatments. Made from the highest quality stainless steel, it features a lightweight, comfort grip, 2.0 x 20 mm plastic handle that is color coded for easy gauge identification. With Light Touch Insertion, the needle is easily released from its guide tube by gently pressing the needle away from its point of attachment on the tube. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-15 is perfect for facial, auricular, hand acupuncture, or wherever shallow needling is performed. Available in the thinnest gauges you can find (03, 02, 01, and 1), this 15 mm needle comes with rounded guide tubes for accurate, gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture. The J-15 also features ProPak™ technology, which allows you to open one or more blister packs quickly and easily. One surgical stainless steel needle per blister package. Features lightweight, color coded, 2.0 x 20 mm easy release comfort grip plastic handle with Light Touch Insertion. Sterile, disposable. Box of 100 needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-15 is perfect for facial, auricular, hand acupuncture, or wherever shallow needling is performed. Available in the thinnest gauges you can find (03, 02, 01, and 1), this 15 mm needle comes with rounded guide tubes for accurate, gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture. The J-15 also features ProPak™ technology, which allows you to open one or more blister packs quickly and easily. One surgical stainless steel needle per blister package. Features lightweight, color coded, 2.0 x 20 mm easy release comfort grip plastic handle with Light Touch Insertion. Sterile, disposable. Box of 100 needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-15 is perfect for facial, auricular, hand acupuncture, or wherever shallow needling is performed. Available in the thinnest gauges you can find (03, 02, 01, and 1), this 15 mm needle comes with rounded guide tubes for accurate, gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture. The J-15 also features ProPak™ technology, which allows you to open one or more blister packs quickly and easily. One surgical stainless steel needle per blister package. Features lightweight, color coded, 2.0 x 20 mm easy release comfort grip plastic handle with Light Touch Insertion. Sterile, disposable. Box of 100 needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-15 is perfect for facial, auricular, hand acupuncture, or wherever shallow needling is performed. Available in the thinnest gauges you can find (03, 02, 01, and 1), this 15 mm needle comes with rounded guide tubes for accurate, gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture. The J-15 also features ProPak™ technology, which allows you to open one or more blister packs quickly and easily. One surgical stainless steel needle per blister package. Features lightweight, color coded, 2.0 x 20 mm easy release comfort grip plastic handle with Light Touch Insertion. Sterile, disposable. Box of 100 needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The J-15 is perfect for facial, auricular, hand acupuncture, or wherever shallow needling is performed. Available in the thinnest gauges you can find (03, 02, 01, and 1), this 15 mm needle comes with rounded guide tubes for accurate, gentle, painless and stress-free acupuncture. The J-15 also features ProPak™ technology, which allows you to open one or more blister packs quickly and easily. One surgical stainless steel needle per blister package. Features lightweight, color coded, 2.0 x 20 mm easy release comfort grip plastic handle with Light Touch Insertion. Sterile, disposable. Box of 100 needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The Laser sharp L-Type needles from SEIRIN offer practitioners a painless choice for moxibustion or electro-therapy treatments. The L-Type features a flexible 1.3 x 20 mm metal spring type handle, optimal for conducting electricity and heat during use. It also provides the practitioner with an enhanced grip, for a precise treatment. Made up entirely of surgical stainless steel, the L-Type upholds SEIRIN's long tradition of innovation, quality, and safety. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18
SEIRIN ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE - The Laser sharp L-Type needles from SEIRIN offer practitioners a painless choice for moxibustion or electro-therapy treatments. The L-Type features a flexible 1.3 x 20 mm metal spring type handle, optimal for conducting electricity and heat during use. It also provides the practitioner with an enhanced grip, for a precise treatment. Made up entirely of surgical stainless steel, the L-Type upholds SEIRIN's long tradition of innovation, quality, and safety. Each needle comes individually packaged with its own polypropylene guide tube, which is rounded on the end for patient comfort and is 100% PVC free. Box of 100 sterile, disposable needles.
2024-04-18