RET-altered Thyroid Cancer
The safety of GAVRETO was evaluated as a single agent at 400 mg orally once daily in 138 patients with RET-altered Thyroid Cancer (including 19 patients with RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer) in ARROW [see Clinical Studies (14.2)]. Among the 138 patients who received GAVRETO, 68% were exposed for 6 months or longer, and 40% were exposed for greater than one year.
The median age was 59 years (range: 18 to 83 years); 36% were female, 74% were White, 17% were Asian, and 6% were Hispanic/Latino.
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 39% of patients who received GAVRETO. The most frequent serious adverse reactions (in ≥ 2% of patients) were pneumonia, pneumonitis, urinary tract infection, pyrexia, fatigue, diarrhea, dizziness, anemia, hyponatremia, and ascites. Fatal adverse reaction occurred in 2.2% of patients; fatal adverse reactions that occurred in > 1 patient included pneumonia (n=2).
Permanent discontinuation due to an adverse reaction occurred in 9% of patients who received GAVRETO. Adverse reactions resulting in permanent discontinuation which occurred in > 1 patient included fatigue, pneumonia and anemia.
Dosage interruptions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 67% of patients who received GAVRETO. Adverse reactions requiring dosage interruption in ≥ 2% of patients included neutropenia, hypertension, diarrhea, fatigue, pneumonitis, anemia, increased blood creatine phosphokinase, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, musculoskeletal pain, vomiting, pyrexia, increased AST, dyspnea, hypocalcemia, cough, thrombocytopenia, abdominal pain, increased blood creatinine, dizziness, headache, decreased lymphocyte count, stomatitis, and syncope.
Dose reductions due to adverse reactions occurred in 44% of patients who received GAVRETO. Adverse reactions requiring dosage reductions in ≥ 2% of patients included neutropenia, anemia, hypertension, increased blood creatine phosphokinase, decreased lymphocyte count, pneumonitis, fatigue and thrombocytopenia.
Table 7 summarizes the adverse reactions occurring in RET-altered Thyroid Cancer Patients in ARROW.
Table 7: Adverse Reactions (≥ 15%) in RET-altered Thyroid Cancer Patients Who Received GAVRETO in ARROW| Adverse Reactions | GAVRETO
N=138
|
|---|
Grades 1-4
(%)
| Grades 3-4
(%)
|
|---|
| Musculoskeletal |
| Musculoskeletal Pain
| 42 | 0.7
|
| Gastrointestinal |
| Constipation | 41 | 0.7
|
| Diarrhea
| 34 | 5
|
| Abdominal Pain
| 17 | 0.7
|
| Dry mouth | 17 | 0 |
| Stomatitis
| 17 | 0.7
|
| Nausea | 17 | 0.7
|
| Vascular |
| Hypertension | 40 | 21
|
| General |
| Fatigue
| 38 | 6
|
| Edema
| 29 | 0 |
| Pyrexia | 22 | 2.2
|
| Respiratory |
| Cough
| 27 | 1.4
|
| Dyspnea
| 22 | 2.2
|
| Nervous System |
| Headache
| 24 | 0 |
| Peripheral Neuropathy
| 20 | 0 |
| Dizziness
| 19 | 0.7
|
| Dysgeusia
| 17 | 0 |
| Skin and Subcutaneous |
| Rash
| 24 | 0 |
| Metabolism and Nutrition |
| Decreased Appetite | 15 | 0 |
Clinically relevant adverse reactions in < 15% of patients who received GAVRETO included tumor lysis syndrome and increased creatine phosphokinase.
Table 8 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities occurring in
RET-altered Thyroid Cancer Patients in ARROW.
Table 8: Select Laboratory Abnormalities (≥ 20%) Worsening from Baseline in RET-altered Thyroid Cancer Patients Who Received GAVRETO in ARROW| Laboratory Abnormality | GAVRETO
N=138
|
|---|
Grades 1-4
(%)
| Grades 3-4
(%)
|
|---|
| Denominator for each laboratory parameter is based on the number of patients with a baseline and post-treatment laboratory value available, which ranged from 135 to 138 patients. |
| Chemistry |
| Decreased calcium (corrected) | 70 | 9 |
| Increased AST | 69 | 4.3 |
| Increased ALT | 43 | 3.6 |
| Increased creatinine | 41 | 0 |
| Decreased albumin | 41 | 1.5 |
| Decreased sodium | 28 | 2.2 |
| Decreased phosphate | 28 | 8 |
| Decreased magnesium | 27 | 0.7 |
| Increased potassium | 26 | 1.4 |
| Increased bilirubin | 24 | 1.4 |
| Increased alkaline phosphatase | 22 | 1.4 |
| Hematology |
| Decreased lymphocytes | 67 | 27 |
| Decreased hemoglobin | 63 | 13 |
| Decreased neutrophils | 59 | 16 |
| Decreased platelets | 31 | 2.9 |
Clinically relevant laboratory abnormalities in patients who received GAVRETO included increased phosphate (40%).
Other Clinical Trials Experience
AcceleRET-Lung trial (NCT04222972)
In AcceleRET-Lung trial (NCT04222972), single agent GAVRETO (n=108) was compared to chemotherapy/immunotherapy (n=104) in patients with RET fusion-positive NSCLC. Adverse reactions were infections (72% vs.52%), including pneumonia (29% vs. 6%), urinary tract infection (22% vs. 8%), and opportunistic infections (20% vs. 6%). Opportunistic infections included pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, fungal infections, legionella pneumonia, cytomegalovirus infection, and herpes simplex.