Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The pooled safety population described in the WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS reflects exposure to ENSACOVE as a single agent in 458 patients with locally advanced or metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC in the following trials: eXALT3 Study (N=143) [see Clinical Studies (
14.1
)
], Study 101 (NCT01625234, N=98), Study BTP-28311 (NCT02959619, N=35), and Study BTP-42322 (NCT03215693, N=182). Patients received ENSACOVE 225 mg orally once daily, with or without food, until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Among 458 patients who received ENSACOVE, 63% were exposed for 6 months or longer and 47% were exposed for greater than one year. In this pooled safety population, the most common adverse reactions (≥20%) were rash, musculoskeletal pain, constipation, pruritus, cough, nausea, edema, vomiting, fatigue, and pyrexia. The most frequent Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥2%) were increased uric acid, decreased lymphocytes, increased alanine aminotransferase, decreased phosphate, increased gamma glutamyl transferase, increased magnesium, increased amylase, decreased sodium, increased glucose, decreased hemoglobin, increased bilirubin, decreased potassium, and increased creatine phosphokinase.
TKI-naive ALK-Positive Locally Advanced or Metastatic NSCLC
The safety of ENSACOVE was evaluated in the eXALT3 study [see Clinical Studies (14.1)
]. Patients received ENSACOVE 225 mg orally once daily, with or without food, until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Among patients who received ENSACOVE, 78% were exposed for 6 months or longer and 66% were exposed for greater than one year.
The median age of patients who received ENSACOVE was 54 years (range: 25-86); 50% male; 54% Asian, 43% White; 0.7% Black or African American; and 11% Hispanic or Latino.
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 23% of patients treated with ENSACOVE. Serious adverse reactions that occurred in ≥1% were pneumonia (4.9%), hemorrhage (2.1%), rash (2.1%) and cellulitis (1.4%). One fatal adverse reaction (0.7%) occurred due to bronchopneumonia.
Permanent discontinuation of ENSACOVE due to an adverse reaction occurred in 12% of patients. Adverse reactions which resulted in permanent discontinuation of ENSACOVE (≥1%) included increased blood bilirubin (1.4%), increased conjugated bilirubin (1.4%), increased ALT (2.1%), increased AST (2.1%), and pneumonitis/ILD (2.1%).
Dose interruptions of ENSACOVE due to an adverse reaction occurred in 41% of patients. Adverse reactions which required dose interruptions (≥2%) included rash (13%), increased ALT (6%), edema (2.8%), pruritus (2.8%), pyrexia (2.8%), pneumonia (3.5%), increased AST (2.1%), hemorrhage (2.1%), and decreased appetite (2.1%).
Dose reductions of ENSACOVE due to an adverse reaction occurred in 24% of patients. Adverse reactions which required dose reductions (≥2%) included rash (11%), increased ALT (4.2%), pruritus (2.8%), and edema (2.1%).
Tables 3 and 4 summarize the most frequent adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities, respectively.
Table 3: Adverse Reactions ( ≥10%) in Patients with ALK-Positive Locally Advanced or Metastatic NSCLC Who Received ENSACOVE in eXALT3 Study| | ENSACOVE
N = 143
| Crizotinib
N = 146
|
| Adverse Reaction
| All Grades
%
| Grade 3 or 4
%
| All Grades % | Grade 3 or 4 % |
| Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders
|
| Rasha
| 66 | 12 | 10 | 0 |
| Pruritusb
| 30 | 2.1 | 4.1 | 0 |
| Alopecia | 11 | 0 | 4.8 | 0 |
| Dry Skin | 10 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0 |
| Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders
|
| Musculoskeletal Painc
| 36 | 1.4 | 20 | 0 |
| Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders
|
| Coughd
| 31 | 0.7 | 16 | 0 |
| Gastrointestinal Disorders
|
| Constipation | 31 | 0 | 26 | 0 |
| Nausea | 28 | 1.4 | 30 | 2.1 |
| Vomitinge
| 16 | 0.7 | 32 | 0 |
| General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions
|
| Edemaf
| 27 | 2.1 | 28 | 2.1 |
| Pyrexiag
| 22 | 0.7 | 10 | 0.7 |
| Fatigueh
| 21 | 0.7 | 14 | 1.4 |
| Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders
|
| Decreased appetite | 15 | 0 | 12 | 1.4 |
| Infection and Infestation
|
| Respiratory Tract Infection | 13 | 0.7 | 10 | 0 |
| Nervous System Disorders
|
| Dizzinessi
| 12 | 0.7 | 14 | 0.7 |
| Dysgeusia | 10 | 0 | 11 | 0 |
| Vascular Disorders
|
| Hemorrhagej
| 10 | 1.4 | 4.8 | 0 |
| Adverse reactions were graded using NCI CTCAE version 4.03.
a Includes dermatitis, dermatitis acneiform, dermatitis bullous, drug eruption, eczema, exfoliative rash, palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia, rash, rash erythematous, rash generalized, rash macular, rash maculo-papular, rash morbilliform, rash papular, rash pruritic, rash pustular, skin exfoliation, and vulvovaginal rash
b Includes ear pruritus, eye pruritus, eyelids pruritus, lip pruritus, pruritus, and pruritus generalized
c Includes arthritis, spinal pain, myalgia, musculoskeletal pain, back pain, pain in extremity, neck pain, arthralgia, non-cardiac chest pain, bone pain, musculoskeletal chest pain, musculoskeletal discomfort
d Includes cough, productive cough, upper-airway cough syndrome
e Includes vomiting and retching
f Includes eyelid edema, face edema, generalized edema, localized edema, edema, edema peripheral, gravitational edema, skin edema, eye edema, and periorbital edema
g Includes pyrexia and hyperthermia
h Includes fatigue and asthenia
i Includes dizziness, vertigo, postural dizziness
j Includes hemoptysis, intracranial hemorrhage, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, hematuria, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, vaginal hemorrhage, gingival bleeding, vitreous hemorrhage, epistaxis, rectal hemorrhage, anal hemorrhage
|
Table 4: Select Laboratory Abnormalities (≥20%) That Worsened from Baseline in Patients with ALK-Positive Locally Advanced or Metastatic NSCLC Who Received ENSACOVE in eXALT3 Study| | ENSACOVE
N = 143
| Crizotinib
N = 146 |
| Lab Abnormality
| All Grades
%
| Grade 3 or 4
%
| All Grades
%
| Grade 3 or 4
%
|
| Chemistry
|
Alanine aminotransferase increased
| 73 | 5 | 74 | 8 |
| Alkaline phosphatase increased | 64 | 2.2 | 50 | 0.7 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase increased | 64 | 1.4 | 62 | 3.5 |
| Glucose increased | 49 | 5 | 35 | 0.7 |
| Albumin decreased | 46 | 0.7 | 56 | 1.4 |
| Phosphate decreased | 39 | 7 | 42 | 4.9 |
| Urate increased | 39 | 39 | 27 | 27 |
| Creatinine increased | 37 | 0 | 27 | 0 |
| Calcium decreased | 36 | 1.4 | 64 | 4.9 |
| Sodium decreased | 27 | 4.3 | 27 | 4.2 |
| Hematology
|
| Lymphocytes decreased | 57 | 7 | 47 | 5 |
| Hemoglobin decreased | 43 | 0.7 | 31 | 1.4 |
Adverse reactions were graded using NCI CTCAE version 4.03. ALT = Alanine aminotransferase; AST = Aspartate aminotransferase |
Clinically relevant adverse reactions in <10% of patients who received ENSACOVE included interstitial lung disease, photosensitivity, increased creatinine phosphokinase, bradycardia, and visual disturbances.