Sodium Iodide I 131 Diagnostic by is a Prescription medication manufactured, distributed, or labeled by Jubilant DraxImage Inc., Jubilant HollisterStier General Partnership. Drug facts, warnings, and ingredients follow.
Indications and Use. (1) 6/2016
Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic is a radioactive diagnostic agent indicated for the assessment of thyroid function and for thyroid imaging. (1)
Capsules: 3.70 MBq (100 microCi) at the time of calibration (3)
Pregnancy (4)
Common adverse reactions reported with diagnostic doses of sodium iodide I 131 include nausea, vomiting, itching, rash and hives. (6)
To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Jubilant DraxImage Inc. at 1-888-633-5343 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
See 17 for PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION.
Revised: 2/2020
Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic is a radioactive drug and should be handled with appropriate safety measures to minimize radiation exposure to the patient and healthcare worker [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Administer Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic orally prior to scanning. The recommended dose of Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic for an adult patient is the following:
Consult the color-coded decay calendar that is updated in January of every year to determine which colored capsule(s) correspond to the prescribed dose: https://www.draximage.com/products/us/draximage-i-131-diagnostic-capsules/ or calculate the correct dose from the date and time of calibration provided on the container label.
Prior to Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic Administration
The biokinetic and radiation dose distributions associated with thyroid uptake of iodide I 131 depend on dietary intake of stable iodine. A range of uptake percentages in an average adult (73.7 kg) are shown in Table 1. For a thyroid blocked from iodide uptake in the production of hormones, the effective half-life of iodide I 131 is approximately 1.4 hours; for "low" to "high" uptake, the effective half-life of I 131 ranges from approximately 80 to 90 hours.
Organ | Thyroid uptake of I 131 (% administered activity A0) 24 h after oral administration | |||
Blocked thyroid
(0% A0) | Low uptake
(16% A0) | Medium uptake
(26% A0) | High uptake
(36% A0) |
|
Adrenals | 0.044 | 0.051 | 0.055 | 0.059 |
Bone surfaces | 0.030 | 0.089 | 0.12 | 0.16 |
Brain | 0.021 | 0.093 | 0.13 | 0.17 |
Breast | 0.020 | 0.038 | 0.048 | 0.058 |
Gallbladder wall | 0.037 | 0.043 | 0.046 | 0.049 |
Gastrointestinal tract | ||||
Stomach wall | 0.87 | 0.77 | 0.71 | 0.66 |
Small intestine wall | 0.035 | 0.033 | 0.032 | 0.032 |
Colon wall | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 |
(Upper large intestine wall) | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 |
(Lower large intestine wall) | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.16 |
Heart wall | 0.062 | 0.089 | 0.10 | 0.12 |
Kidneys | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.27 |
Liver | 0.050 | 0.093 | 0.12 | 0.14 |
Lungs | 0.053 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.15 |
Muscles | 0.026 | 0.084 | 0.12 | 0.15 |
Oesophagus | 0.024 | 0.10 | 0.14 | 0.19 |
Ovaries | 0.038 | 0.037 | 0.036 | 0.035 |
Pancreas | 0.060 | 0.064 | 0.066 | 0.068 |
Red marrow | 0.031 | 0.072 | 0.095 | 0.12 |
Salivary glands | 0.27 | 0.22 | 0.19 | 0.16 |
Skin | 0.019 | 0.043 | 0.057 | 0.071 |
Spleen | 0.064 | 0.069 | 0.072 | 0.075 |
Testes | 0.025 | 0.024 | 0.023 | 0.22 |
Thymus | 0.024 | 0.10 | 0.14 | 0.19 |
Thyroid | 2.2 | 280 | 430 | 580 |
Urinary bladder wall | 0.54 | 0.45 | 0.39 | 0.34 |
Uterus | 0.045 | 0.042 | 0.040 | 0.038 |
Remaining organs | 0.029 | 0.84 | 0.11 | 0.15 |
Effective dose per administered activity (mSv/MBq) | 0.28 | 14 | 22 | 29 |
Capsules: Each capsule contains 3.70 MBq (100 microCi) at time of calibration. Half of each capsule is white, while the other half is either pink, yellow, orange, grey or green according to the manufactured lot. The capsule will yield 2.03, 1.11, 0.61, or 0.33 MBq (55, 30, 16.5, or 9 microCi) according to the color-coded decay calendar which assigns a color and capsule activity for each week of the year. https://www.draximage.com/products/us/draximage-i-131-diagnostic-capsules/
Table 2 below displays the (5) weeks activity of the capsule starting from the calibration day.
Week | Activity (MBq) | Activity (microCi) |
1 | 3.70 | 100.0 |
2 | 2.03 | 54.9 |
3 | 1.11 | 30.0 |
4 | 0.61 | 16.5 |
5 | 0.33 | 8.9 |
Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic is contraindicated in pregnancy because sodium iodide I 131 crosses the placenta and can cause severe and irreversible hypothyroidism in the neonate. Multiple reports in the literature describe neonatal hypothryroidism following in utero exposure to sodium iodide I 131. Some of these cases were severe and irreversible. Verify pregnancy status of females of reproductive potential prior to administering Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1, 8.3)].
Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic contributes to a patient’s overall long-term cumulative radiation exposure, which is associated with an increased risk of cancer. Follow safe administration instructions to minimize radiation exposure to the patient and healthcare providers [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].
The recent intake of stable iodine in any form, or the use of thyroid or anti-thyroid drugs will affect the uptake of sodium iodide I 131. Question the patient carefully regarding their exposure to these drugs or procedures involving radiographic contrast media [see Drug Interactions (7)].
Hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis may occur in patients who receive sodium iodide I 131. Although iodine is not considered an allergen, hypersensitivity reactions may occur in relation with excipients or chemical component of the capsule, such as sodium thiosulfate. Obtain and document an allergy history, particularly a sulfite allergy. Emergency resuscitation equipment and personnel should be immediately available [see Adverse Reactions (6)].
The following adverse reaction has been described elsewhere in the labeling:
The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use from Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic. Because these reactions are voluntarily reported from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
Adverse reactions associated with the administration of Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic are:
Certain drugs and iodine-containing foods interfere with the accumulation of radioiodide by the thyroid. Review the patients history, current medications, and recent diagnostic tests prior to the administration of Sodium Iodide I-131 Capsules Diagnostic. Advise patients to maintain a low-iodine diet two weeks prior to radioiodine administration and continue for several days during the uptake or imaging process and to discontinue the following products before they undergo the procedure as shown in Table 3:
Products | Recommended duration of withdrawal |
Thionamide medications (e.g., propylthiouracil, methimazole carbimazole) | 3 days |
Multivitamins containing iodide | 10 days |
Natural or synthetic thyroid hormones
triiodothyronine thyroxine |
2 weeks 4 weeks |
Iodine containing foods: iodinized salt, dairy products, egg yolks, seafood, turkey, and liver | 2 weeks |
Kelp, agar, carrageenan, Lugol solution | 3 weeks |
Saturated solution of potassium iodide | 3 weeks |
Topical iodine (e.g., surgical skin preparation) | 3 weeks |
Radiographic contrast agents
Water soluble Lipophilic |
2 months 6 months |
Amiodarone | 6 months |
Risk Summary
Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic is contraindicated in pregnancy because fetal exposure can lead to neonatal hypothyroidism, which in some cases is severe and irreversible. Data from the published literature describe reports of neonatal thyroid abnormalities after fetal exposure, including agenesis of the thyroid and hypothyroidism (see Clinical Considerations, Data). No animal reproductive studies have been conducted.
The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies are 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively.
Clinical Considerations
Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions
A fetus exposed to sodium iodide I 131 can develop neonatal hypothyroidism. Delay in diagnosis of neonatal hypothyroidism after exposure to sodium iodide I 131 in utero can result in severe sequelae such as decreased mental capacity and delayed skeletal maturation. Monitor thyroid function in any infant born after in utero exposure to sodium iodide I 131.
Data
Human Data
Literature reports of maternal exposures to sodium iodide I 131 at doses of 330-8300 MBq during 4-26 weeks estimated gestational age. There were various adverse pregnancy outcomes; the most common was hypothyroidism in infants and children.
Risk Summary
Advise women to discontinue breastfeeding after administration of Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic. Infant exposure to sodium iodide I 131 via breast milk is expected and may lead to hypothyroidism in the infant because sodium iodide I 131 in breast milk may reach concentrations equal to or greater than concentrations in maternal plasma (see Data).
Data
Published studies show that sodium iodide I 131 is transferred into breast milk and is taken up by the thyroid of the breastfed infant.
Sodium Iodide I 131 is contraindicated in pregnancy because it causes fetal hypothyroidism [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1) and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Pregnancy Testing
Obtain a pregnancy test in females of reproductive potential and verify the absence of pregnancy before administering Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients have not been established. Published reports suggest that the thyroid gland of pediatric patients is more sensitive to the adverse effects of sodium iodide I 131 (e.g., increased risk of radiation absorption).
Clinical experience has not identified differences in safety or effectiveness in geriatric patients compared to younger patients. However, elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function and radiation exposure is greater in patients with impaired renal function [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Radiation exposure following Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic is greater in patients with impaired renal function compared to patients with normal renal function [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
In the event of an overdosage of Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic, monitor for thyroid suppression and consider administering a thyroid blocking agent (e.g. potassium iodide (KI) or perchlorate). Promote frequent voiding and encourage patients to maintain hydration to minimize radiation exposure.
Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic is a radiodioactive diagnostic agent containing sodium iodide I 131 and supplied for oral administration in a gelatin capsule. Each capsule contains no-carrier-added sodium iodide I 131, disodium edetate dihydrate USP as a stabilizer, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate USP as a reducing agent, and dibasic sodium phosphate anhydrous USP.
Sodium Iodide I 131 is designated chemically as Na131I and has a molecular weight of 153.99.
Iodine I 131 decays by beta emission and associated gamma emission with a physical half-life of 8.04 days. The principal radiation emissions are listed in Table 4.
Radiation | Mean % per Disintegration | Mean Energy (keV) |
Beta-1 | 2.13% | 69.4 |
Beta-3 | 7.20% | 96.6 |
Beta-4 | 89.4% | 191.6 |
Gamma-7 | 6.14% | 284.3 |
Gamma-14 | 81.2% | 364.5 |
Gamma-18 | 7.12% | 637.0 |
The specific gamma-ray constant for iodine I 131 is 4.26 x 10-13 Cm2kg-1MBq-1s-1 (2.2 Rcm2/mCihr). The first half-value thickness of lead (Pb) for iodine I 131 is 0.27 cm. A range of values for the relative attenuation of the radiation emitted by iodine I 131 that results from interposition of various thicknesses of Pb is shown in Table 5. For example, the use of 2.59 cm of Pb will decrease the external radiation exposure by a factor of about 100.
Shield Thickness (Pb) cm | Coefficient of Attenuation |
0.27 | 0.5 |
0.56 | 0.25 |
0.99 | 10-1 |
2.59 | 10-2 |
4.53 | 10-3 |
To correct for physical decay of iodine I 131, the fractions that remain at selected intervals after the time of calibration are shown in Table 6.
|
|||||
Days | Fraction Remaining | Days | Fraction Remaining | Days | Fraction Remaining |
0* | 1.000 | 11 | 0.388 | 22 | 0.151 |
1 | 0.918 | 12 | 0.356 | 23 | 0.138 |
2 | 0.842 | 13 | 0.327 | 24 | 0.127 |
3 | 0.773 | 14 | 0.300 | 25 | 0.116 |
4 | 0.709 | 15 | 0.275 | 26 | 0.107 |
5 | 0.651 | 16 | 0.253 | 27 | 0.098 |
6 | 0.597 | 17 | 0.232 | 28 | 0.090 |
7 | 0.548 | 18 | 0.213 | 29 | 0.083 |
8 | 0.503 | 19 | 0.195 | 30 | 0.076 |
9 | 0.461 | 20 | 0.179 | ||
10 | 0.423 | 21 | 0.164 |
Iodine is actively transported by the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) protein, in thyroid follicular cells. Iodide is concentrated in follicular cells up to 50 times higher than in the plasma. Iodide is metabolically oxidized by thyroid peroxidase to iodinium (I+) which in turn iodinates tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin (tri or tetra-iodinated tyrosine). The gamma emission of Iodine I 131 is imaged or counted.
Absorption
Following oral administration of Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic, 90% of the administered radioactivity of sodium iodide I 131 is systemically absorbed in the first 60 minutes.
Distribution
Following absorption, sodium iodide I 131 is distributed within the extra-cellular space. It is actively transported by the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) protein and binds to thyroglobulin resulting in accumulation in the thyroid. The thyroid uptake of iodide is usually increased in hyperthyroidism and in goiter, and is decreased in hypothyroidism. Sodium iodide I 131 also accumulates in the stomach, choroid plexus, salivary glands breast, liver, gall bladder, and kidneys.
Elimination
Metabolism
In thyroid follicular cells, iodide is oxidized through the action of thyroid peroxidase to iodinium (I+) which in turn iodinates tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin.
Excretion
Sodium iodide I 131 is excreted in urine and feces. The normal range of urinary excretion is 37% to 75% of the administered dose, varying with the thyroid and renal function of the patient. Fecal excretion is about 10%.
Each capsule contains 3.70 megabecquerels (100 microCi) at time of calibration. Half of each capsule is white, while the other half is either pink, yellow, orange, grey or green according to the manufactured lot.
Store Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic between 15 °C and 30 °C (59 °F and 86 °F).
Store and dispose of Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic in compliance with the appropriate regulations of the government agency authorized to license the use of this radionuclide.
This radiopharmaceutical is approved for use by persons under license by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission or the relevant regulatory authority of an Agreement State.
Administration Instructions
Fetal Toxicity
Advise female patients of reproductive potential of the risk of neonatal hypothyroidism with fetal exposure [see Contraindications (4), Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Use in Specific Populations (8.1, 8.3)].
Lactation
Advise women to discontinue breastfeeding after Sodium Iodide I 131 Capsules Diagnostic administration [see Use in Specific Populations (8.2)].
SODIUM IODIDE I 131 DIAGNOSTIC
sodium iodide i 131 capsule |
||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
Labeler - Jubilant DraxImage Inc. (243604761) |
Registrant - Jubilant DraxImage Inc. (243604761) |
Establishment | |||
Name | Address | ID/FEI | Business Operations |
---|---|---|---|
Jubilant HollisterStier General Partnership | 246762764 | MANUFACTURE(65174-461) |