Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
A total of 782 patients received a 3 g dose of zoliflodacin across all phases of clinical trials.
The safety of NUZOLVENCE was evaluated in a phase 3, randomized, open-label, active-controlled, multicenter, multinational trial (NCT03959527) (Trial 1). In total, 927 patients with suspected uncomplicated gonorrhea due to N. gonorrhoeae were randomized (2:1) and treated with either a single oral 3 g dose of NUZOLVENCE (N=619) or a combination of a single 500 mg intramuscular dose of ceftriaxone and a single 1 g oral dose of azithromycin (N=308) [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Patients were eligible for enrollment if they were ≥12 years old and ≥35 kg. The majority (98%) of patients were adults (≥18 years); 14 patients were 15 to 18 years old: 12/619 (1.9%) in the NUZOLVENCE arm and 2/308 (0.6%) in the ceftriaxone and azithromycin arm. South Africa had the highest proportion of enrolled patients (46%), followed by Thailand (29%), the United States (17%), and the European Union (8%). The majority of patients treated with NUZOLVENCE were male (88%). Patients identified as Black or African American (56%), Asian (31%), White (11%), American Indian or Alaska Native (1%), or Other (1%). A total of 3% of patients treated with NUZOLVENCE identified as Hispanic or Latino and 22% were living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
Serious Adverse Reactions and Adverse Reactions Leading to Discontinuation:
There were no serious adverse reactions or adverse reactions leading to treatment discontinuation or death.
Common Adverse Reactions:
Table 2 lists adverse reactions occurring in ≥2% of patients receiving NUZOLVENCE in Trial 1.
Table 2: Adverse Reactions in ≥2% of Patients with Suspected Uncomplicated Gonorrhea Infection Treated with NUZOLVENCE in Trial 1 (Safety Population)| Adverse Reaction | NUZOLVENCE N = 619 n (%) | Ceftriaxone and Azithromycin N = 308 n (%) |
|---|
| N, total number of patients in treatment arm; n, number of patients meeting criteria. |
| Headache
| 61 (10) | 15 (5) |
| Dizziness | 21 (3) | 5 (2) |
| Nausea | 16 (3) | 12 (4) |
| Diarrhea | 15 (2) | 22 (7) |
Headache: In Trial 1, headache was reported in 61/619 (10%) of patients receiving NUZOLVENCE; headache severity was mild in 8% of patients and moderate in 2%.
Laboratory Abnormalities
Laboratory abnormalities that occurred at a frequency of 2% or greater in Trial 1 are provided in Table 3.
Table 3: Laboratory Abnormalities in ≥2% of Patients with Suspected Uncomplicated Gonorrhea Infection Treated with NUZOLVENCE, with Normal Baseline Values in Trial 1 (Safety Population)Laboratory Parameters | NUZOLVENCE N = 609 n (%) | Ceftriaxone and Azithromycin N = 304 n (%) |
|---|
| N, total number of patients in treatment arm with normal baseline values; n, number of patients meeting criteria. |
| Neutropenia | 71 (12) | 43 (14) |
| <1500 to 1000 cells/µL | 56 (9) | 31 (10) |
| <1000 to 500 cells/µL | 14 (2) | 12 (4) |
| <500 cells/µL | 1 (0.2) | 0 |
| Leukopenia
| 54 (9) | 33 (11) |
| <3500 to 3000 cells/µL | 34 (6) | 20 (7) |
| <3000 to 1000 cells/µL | 20 (3) | 13 (4) |
| <1000 cells/µL | 0 | 0 |
Neutropenia: In Trial 1, 41/609 (7%) and 30/609 (5%) patients developed neutropenia from 4 to 8 days and from 27 to 33 days following NUZOLVENCE administration, respectively. Of these 71 patients, 25% were living with HIV and 8% had unknown HIV status. No patients required treatment for neutropenia.
Leukopenia: In Trial 1, 54/609 (9%) of patients developed leukopenia following NUZOLVENCE administration; 16% of these patients were living with HIV and 11% had unknown HIV status. No patients required treatment for leukopenia.
Other Adverse Reactions Associated with NUZOLVENCE in Trial 1
Adverse reactions occurring in less than 2% of patients receiving NUZOLVENCE in Trial 1 (Safety Population), are presented below:
Blood and lymphatic system disorders: Thrombocytopenia, monocyte count decreased, hemoglobin decreased
Cardiac disorders: Palpitations
Gastrointestinal disorders: Vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, abdominal distension, flatulence
General disorders: Asthenia, fatigue, malaise, pyrexia, chills, feeling hot, night sweats
Hepatobiliary disorders: Alanine aminotransferase increased, blood bilirubin increased
Infections and infestations: Tinea infections, candidal infections
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: Musculoskeletal pain
Nervous system disorders: Somnolence, hypersomnia, hypoesthesia
Psychiatric disorders: Insomnia
Renal and urinary disorders: Hematuria, blood creatinine increased, glomerular filtration rate decreased
Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders: Cough
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Rash, pruritus, alopecia, eyelid swelling
Vascular disorders: Hot flush