KEVEYIS- dichlorphenamide tablet

Keveyis by

Drug Labeling and Warnings

Keveyis by is a Prescription medication manufactured, distributed, or labeled by Taro Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., inc., Taro Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd.. Drug facts, warnings, and ingredients follow.

Drug Details [pdf]

  • 1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

    KEVEYIS™ is indicated for the treatment of primary hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, primary hypokalemic periodic paralysis, and related variants.

  • 2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

    Initiate dosing at 50 mg twice daily. The initial dose may be increased or decreased based on individual response, at weekly intervals (or sooner in case of adverse reaction). The maximum recommended total daily dose is 200 mg.

    Primary hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, primary hypokalemic periodic paralysis, and related variants are a heterogeneous group of conditions, for which the response to KEVEYIS™ may vary. Therefore, prescribers should evaluate the patient's response to KEVEYIS™ after 2 months of treatment to decide whether KEVEYIS™ should be continued.

  • 3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

    Round, white tablets, scored on one side, engraved with "TARO" on one side and on the other side "D" above the score and "50" below the score, 50 mg each.

  • 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

    KEVEYIS™ is contraindicated in the following circumstances:

  • 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

    5.1 Hypersensitivity / Anaphylaxis / Idiosyncratic Reactions

    Fatalities associated with the administration of sulfonamides have occurred due to adverse reactions including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia and other blood dyscrasias. Pulmonary involvement can occur in isolation or as part of a systemic reaction.

    KEVEYIS™ should be discontinued at the first appearance of skin rash or any sign of immune-mediated or idiosyncratic adverse reaction.

    5.2 Concomitant Use of Aspirin

    Anorexia, tachypnea, lethargy, and coma have been reported with concomitant use of dichlorphenamide and high-dose aspirin. The concomitant use of KEVEYIS™ and high dose aspirin is contraindicated. KEVEYIS™ should be used with caution in patients receiving low dose aspirin.

    5.3 Hypokalemia

    KEVEYIS™ increases potassium excretion and can cause hypokalemia. The risk of hypokalemia is greater when KEVEYIS™ is used in patients with conditions associated with hypokalemia (e.g., adrenocortical insufficiency, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, or respiratory acidosis), and in patients receiving other drugs that may cause hypokalemia (e.g., loop diuretics, thiazide diuretics, laxatives, antifungals, penicillin, and theophylline).

    Baseline and periodic measurement of serum potassium during KEVEYIS™ treatment are recommended.

    If hypokalemia develops or persists, consideration should be given to reducing the dose or discontinuing KEVEYIS™.

    5.4 Metabolic Acidosis

    KEVEYIS™ can cause hyperchloremic non-anion gap metabolic acidosis. Concomitant use of KEVEYIS™ with other drugs that cause metabolic acidosis may increase the severity of metabolic acidosis.

    Baseline and periodic measurement of serum bicarbonate during KEVEYIS™ treatment are recommended.

    If metabolic acidosis develops or persists, consideration should be given to reducing the dose or discontinuing KEVEYIS™.

    5.5 Falls

    KEVEYIS™ increases the risk of falls. The risk of falls is greater in the elderly and with higher doses of KEVEYIS™. Consider dose reduction or discontinuation of KEVEYIS™ in patients who experience falls while treated with KEVEYIS™.

  • 6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

    The following serious adverse reactions are described elsewhere in labeling:

    6.1 Clinical Trials Experience

    Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

    In a 9-week randomized controlled trial in adults with hyperkalemic or hypokalemic periodic paralysis (Study 1), the most common adverse reactions in patients treated with KEVEYIS™, with rates greater than placebo, were paresthesia, cognitive disorder, dysgeusia, and confusional state. The mean dose of KEVEYIS™ was 94 mg/day in patients with hypokalemic periodic paralysis and 82 mg/day in patients with hyperkalemic periodic paralysis.

    Table 1 lists the incidence of adverse reactions that occurred in ≥ 5% of patients treated with KEVEYIS™ and more commonly than in patients treated with placebo in Study 1.

    Table 1: Adverse Reactions in Patients Treated with KEVEYIS™ with Incidence ≥ 5% and more common than in Patients Treated with Placebo in Study 1
    Adverse ReactionKEVEYIS™
    N = 36
    (%)    		Placebo
    N = 29
    (%)
  • * Cognitive disorder combined cases with the preferred terms of cognitive disorder, disturbance in attention, and mental impairment.
    		•
    Nervous system disordersParesthesia4414
    Cognitive disorder*147
    Dysgeusia140
    Confusional state110
    Headache87
    Hypoesthesia80
    Lethargy80
    Dizziness60
    Gastrointestinal disordersDiarrhea63
    Nausea60
    General disorders and administration site conditionsFatigue80
    Malaise60
    InvestigationsWeight decreased60
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disordersMuscle spasms80
    Arthralgia63
    Muscle twitching60
    RespiratoryDyspnea60
    Pharyngolaryngeal pain60
    SkinRash80
    Pruritus60

    6.2 Postmarketing Experience

    The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of dichlorphenamide. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

    The following are adverse reactions which have been reported for dichlorphenamide that were serious adverse events or are not reported in the previous section of labeling [see Clinical Trials Experience (6.1)]: amnesia, cardiac failure, condition aggravated, convulsion, fetal death, hallucination, nephrolithiasis, pancytopenia, psychotic disorder, renal tubular necrosis, stupor, syncope, tremor.

  • 7 DRUG INTERACTIONS

    7.1 Aspirin and Salicylates

    KEVEYIS™ may cause an elevation in salicylate levels in patients receiving aspirin. Anorexia, tachypnea, lethargy, and coma have been reported with concomitant use of dichlorphenamide and high-dose aspirin.

    Concomitant use of KEVEYIS™ and high dose aspirin is contraindicated. KEVEYIS™ should be used with caution in patients receiving low dose aspirin. [see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]

  • 8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

    8.1 Pregnancy

    Pregnancy Category C.

    There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Teratogenic effects (fetal limb reduction defects) were reported following oral administration of dichlorphenamide to pregnant rats during organogenesis at 350 mg/kg, or 17 times the maximum recommended human dose (200 mg/day) on a body surface area (mg/m2) basis. A no-effect dose has not been established. KEVEYIS™ should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

    8.3 Nursing Mothers

    It is not known whether dichlorphenamide is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when dichlorphenamide is administered to a nursing woman.

    8.4 Pediatric Use

    Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.

    8.5 Geriatric Use

    The risk of falls and of metabolic acidosis are greater in elderly patients.

  • 10 OVERDOSAGE

    Symptoms of overdosage or toxicity may include drowsiness, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, paresthesias, ataxia, tremor, and tinnitus.

    In the event of overdosage, induce emesis or perform gastric lavage. The electrolyte disturbance most likely to be encountered from overdosage is hyperchloremic acidosis.

  • 11 DESCRIPTION

    KEVEYIS™ (dichlorphenamide) tablets is an oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Dichlorphenamide, a dichlorinated benzenedisulfonamide, is known chemically as 4, 5–dichloro-1,3-benzenedisulfonamide.

    Its empirical formula is C6H6Cl2N2O4S2 and its structural formula is:

    Chemical Structure

    Dichlorphenamide USP is a white or practically white, crystalline compound with a molecular weight of 305.16. It is very slightly soluble in water but soluble in dilute solutions of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide. Dilute alkaline solutions of dichlorphenamide are stable at room temperature.

    KEVEYIS™ (dichlorphenamide) tablets is supplied as tablets, for oral administration, each containing 50 mg dichlorphenamide. Inactive ingredients are lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate and pregelatinized maize starch.

  • 12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

    12.1 Mechanism of Action

    Dichlorphenamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. However, the precise mechanism by which dichlorphenamide exerts its therapeutic effects in patients with periodic paralysis is unknown.

    12.3 Pharmacokinetics

    The pharmacokinetic properties of dichlorphenamide after oral absorption are not known.

  • 13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY

    13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility

    Carcinogenesis

    Studies to assess the carcinogenic potential of dichlorphenamide have not been conducted.

    Mutagenesis

    Studies to assess the genotoxicity of dichlorphenamide have not been conducted.

    Impairment of Fertility

    Studies to assess the effects of dichlorphenamide on fertility have not been conducted.

  • 14 CLINICAL STUDIES

    The efficacy of KEVEYIS™ was evaluated in two clinical studies, Study 1 and Study 2.

    Study 1

    Study 1 was a 9-week, double blind, placebo-controlled multi-center study. Study 1 consisted of two substudies: a substudy in patients with hypokalemic periodic paralysis (n=44), and a substudy in patients with hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (n=21). The primary efficacy endpoint in both substudies was the average number of self-reported attacks of muscle weakness per week over the final 8 weeks of the trial. Withdrawal from the study for acute severe worsening was also assessed as an endpoint.

    In Study 1, the dose of KEVEYIS™ was 50 mg b.i.d. for treatment-naïve patients. Patients already on dichlorphenamide prior to the study continued on the same dose while on KEVEYIS™ during the study. In patients taking acetazolamide prior to the study, the dose of KEVEYIS™ was set at 20% of the acetazolamide dose. Dose reduction for tolerability was permitted.

    Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis Substudy of Study 1

    In the hypokalemic periodic paralysis substudy, median age of patients was 45 years and 73% of patients were male. Patients treated with KEVEYIS™ (n=24) had 2.2 fewer attacks per week than patients (n=20) treated with placebo (p=0.02). None of the patients randomized to KEVEYIS™ reached the endpoint of acute worsening, vs. five patients randomized to placebo. The mean dose of KEVEYIS™ at Week 9 was 94 mg/day.

    Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis Substudy of Study 1

    In the Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis substudy, median age of patients was 43 years and 43% of patients were male. During the double-blind treatment period, patients treated with KEVEYIS™ (n=12) had 3.9 fewer attacks per week than patients (n=9) treated with placebo (p=0.08). None of the patients randomized to KEVEYIS™ reached the endpoint of acute worsening, vs. two patients randomized to placebo. The mean dose of KEVEYIS™ at Week 9 was 82 mg/day.

    Study 2

    Study 2 was a 35-week, double blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center, two-period crossover study. Study 2 also consisted of two substudies: a substudy in a substudy in patients with hypokalemic periodic paralysis (n=42), and a substudy in patients with hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (n=31), including patients with Paramyotonia Congenita. The primary endpoint in the hypokalemic periodic paralysis substudy was the incidence of acute intolerable worsening (based on attack frequency or severity) necessitating withdrawal. The primary endpoint in the hyperkalemic periodic paralysis substudy was the average number of self-reported attacks of muscle weakness per week. Dosing was determined similarly to Study 1.

    Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis Substudy of Study 2

    In the hypokalemic periodic paralysis substudy, mean age of patients was 38 years and 79% of patients were male. Acute intolerable worsening was observed in 2 patients on KEVEYIS™ vs. 11 patients on placebo (p=0.02). The mean dose of KEVEYIS™ at the end of the study was 96 mg/day.

    Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis Substudy of Study 2

    In the hyperkalemic periodic paralysis substudy, mean age of patients was 37 years and 79% of patients were male. Patients treated had 2.3 fewer attacks per week on KEVEYIS™ than on placebo (p=0.006). The mean dose of KEVEYIS™ at the end of the study was 73 mg/day.

  • 16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING

    Each KEVEYIS™ (dichlorphenamide) tablets, 50 mg – round, white tablet, scored on one side, engraved with "TARO" on one side and on the other side "D" above the score and "50" below the score.

    KEVEYIS™ (dichlorphenamide) tablets are supplied as follows:

    Bottles of 100NDC: 51672-4177-1

    Store at 20° to 25° C (68° to 77° F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature].

  • 17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION

    Worsening of Symptoms

    Advise patients to notify their physician if they experience worsening of symptoms of periodic paralysis.

    Driving and Operating Machinery

    KEVEYIS™ may cause drowsiness/fatigue in some patients. Caution patients on the potential for impaired ability to drive and operate machinery.

  • SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION

    Mfd. by: Taro Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Haifa Bay, Israel 2624761
    Dist. by: TaroPharma a division of Taro Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc., Hawthorne, NY 10532

    KEVEYIS™ and TaroPharma® are trademarks of Taro Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc.

    Revised: August/2015
    70745-0815-0

  • PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 50 mg Tablet Bottle Label

    NDC: 51672-4177-1
    100 Tablets

    Keveyis™
    (dichlorphenamide)
    Tablets 50 mg

    Keep this and all medications out
    of the reach of children.
    Rx only

    PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 50 mg Tablet Bottle Label
  • INGREDIENTS AND APPEARANCE
    KEVEYIS 
    dichlorphenamide tablet
    Product Information
    Product TypeHUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUGItem Code (Source)NDC: 51672-4177
    Route of AdministrationORAL
    Active Ingredient/Active Moiety
    Ingredient NameBasis of StrengthStrength
    Dichlorphenamide (UNII: VVJ6673MHY) (Dichlorphenamide - UNII:VVJ6673MHY) Dichlorphenamide50 mg
    Inactive Ingredients
    Ingredient NameStrength
    lactose monohydrate (UNII: EWQ57Q8I5X)  
    magnesium stearate (UNII: 70097M6I30)  
    starch, corn (UNII: O8232NY3SJ)  
    Product Characteristics
    ColorWHITEScore2 pieces
    ShapeROUNDSize6mm
    FlavorImprint Code TARO;D;50
    Contains    
    Packaging
    #Item CodePackage DescriptionMarketing Start DateMarketing End Date
    1NDC: 51672-4177-1100 in 1 BOTTLE; Type 0: Not a Combination Product08/07/2015
    Marketing Information
    Marketing CategoryApplication Number or Monograph CitationMarketing Start DateMarketing End Date
    NDANDA01136608/07/2015
    Labeler - Taro Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., inc. (145186370)
    Establishment
    NameAddressID/FEIBusiness Operations
    Taro Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd.600072078MANUFACTURE(51672-4177)

    • Trademark Results [Keveyis]

    Mark Image

    Registration | Serial
    Company
    Trademark
    Application Date
    KEVEYIS
    KEVEYIS
    86724075 5034655 Live/Registered
    TARO PHARMACEUTICALS U.S.A., INC.
    2015-08-13
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