The efficacy and safety of VEMLIDY in the treatment of adults with chronic hepatitis B virus infection with compensated liver disease are based on 48-week data from two randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trials, Trial 108 (N=425) and Trial 110 (N=873). In both trials, besides trial treatment, subjects were not allowed to receive other nucleosides, nucleotides, or interferon.
In Trial 108, HBeAg-negative treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced subjects with compensated liver disease (no evidence of ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, variceal bleeding, INR <1.5× ULN, total bilirubin <2.5× ULN, and albumin >3.0 mg/dL) were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive VEMLIDY 25 mg (N=285) once daily or TDF 300 mg (N=140) once daily for 48 weeks. The mean age was 46 years, 61% were male, 72% were Asian, 25% were White, 2% were Black, and 1% were other races. 24%, 38%, and 31% had HBV genotype B, C, and D, respectively. 21% were treatment experienced [previous treatment with oral antivirals, including entecavir (N=41), lamivudine (N=42), TDF (N=21), or other (N=18)]. At baseline, mean plasma HBV DNA was 5.8 log10 IU/mL, mean serum ALT was 94 U/L, and 9% of subjects had a history of cirrhosis.
In Trial 110, HBeAg-positive treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced subjects with compensated liver disease were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive VEMLIDY 25 mg (N=581) once daily or TDF 300 mg (N=292) once daily for 48 weeks. The mean age was 38 years, 64% were male, 82% were Asian, 17% were White, and 1% were Black or other races. 17%, 52%, and 23% had HBV genotype B, C, and D, respectively. 26% were treatment experienced [previous treatment with oral antivirals, including adefovir (N=42), entecavir (N=117), lamivudine (N=84), telbivudine (N=25), TDF (N=70), or other (n=17)]. At baseline, mean plasma HBV DNA was 7.6 log10 IU/mL, mean serum ALT was 120 U/L, and 7% of subjects had a history of cirrhosis.
In both trials, randomization was stratified on prior treatment history (nucleoside naïve or experienced) and baseline HBV DNA (<7, ≥7 to <8, and ≥8 log10 IU/mL in Trial 108; and <8 and ≥8 log10 IU/mL in Trial 110). The efficacy endpoint in both trials was the proportion of subjects with plasma HBV DNA levels below 29 IU/mL at Week 48. Additional efficacy endpoints include the proportion of subjects with ALT normalization, HBsAg loss and seroconversion, and HBeAg loss and seroconversion in Trial 110.
Treatment outcomes of Trials 108 and 110 at Week 48 are presented in Table 12 and Table 13.
Table 12 Trials 108 and 110: HBV DNA Virologic Outcome at Week 48 in Subjects with Chronic HBV Infection and Compensated Liver Disease | Trial 108 (HBeAg-Negative) | Trial 110 (HBeAg-Positive) |
|---|
| VEMLIDY (N=285) | TDF (N=140) | VEMLIDY (N=581) | TDF (N=292) |
|---|
HBV DNA <29 IU/mL | 94% | 93% | 64% | 67% |
| Treatment Difference
| 1.8% (95% CI = -3.6% to 7.2%) | -3.6% (95% CI = -9.8% to 2.6%) |
| HBV DNA ≥29 IU/mL | 2% | 3% | 31% | 30% |
| Baseline HBV DNA | | | | |
| <7 log10 IU/mL | 96% (221/230) | 92% (107/116) | N/A | N/A |
| ≥7 log10 IU/mL | 85% (47/55) | 96% (23/24) | N/A | N/A |
| Baseline HBV DNA | | | | |
| <8 log10 IU/mL | N/A | N/A | 82% (254/309) | 82% (123/150) |
| ≥8 log10 IU/mL | | | 43% (117/272) | 51% (72/142) |
| Nucleoside Naïve
| 94% (212/225) | 93% (102/110) | 68% (302/444) | 70% (156/223) |
| Nucleoside Experienced | 93% (56/60) | 93% (28/30) | 50% (69/137) | 57% (39/69) |
| No Virologic Data at Week 48
| 4% | 4% | 5% | 3% |
In Trial 108, the proportion of subjects with cirrhosis who achieved HBV DNA <29 IU/mL at Week 48 was 92% (22/24) in the VEMLIDY group and 93% (13/14) in the TDF group. The corresponding proportions in Trial 110 were 63% (26/41) and 67% (16/24) in the VEMLIDY and TDF groups, respectively.
Table 13 Additional Efficacy Parameters at Week 48
| Trial 108 (HBeAg-Negative) | Trial 110 (HBeAg-Positive) |
|---|
| VEMLIDY (N=285) | TDF (N=140) | VEMLIDY (N=581) | TDF (N=292) |
|---|
| N/A = not applicable |
ALT Normalized ALT (Central Lab) | 83% | 75% | 72% | 67% |
| Normalized ALT (AASLD)
| 50% | 32% | 45% | 36% |
Serology HBeAg Loss / Seroconversion | N/A | N/A | 14% / 10% | 12% / 8% |
| HBsAg Loss / Seroconversion | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 | 1% / 1% | <1% / 0 |