Beleodaq by is a Prescription medication manufactured, distributed, or labeled by Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.. Drug facts, warnings, and ingredients follow.
Beleodaq is a histone deacetylase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on tumor response rate and duration of response. An improvement in survival or disease-related symptoms has not been established. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in the confirmatory trial. (1)
For injection: 500 mg, lyophilized powder in single-dose vial for reconstitution (3)
None. (4)
The most common adverse reactions (>25%) are nausea, fatigue, pyrexia, anemia, and vomiting. (6)
To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. at 1-888-292-9617 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch
Nursing Mothers: Women should be advised against breastfeeding while being treated with Beleodaq. (8.3)
See 17 for PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION and FDA-approved patient labeling.
Revised: 4/2017
Beleodaq is indicated for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL).
This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on tumor response rate and duration of response [see Clinical Studies (14)]. An improvement in survival or disease-related symptoms has not been established. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in the confirmatory trial.
The recommended dosage of Beleodaq is 1,000 mg/m2 administered over 30 minutes by intravenous infusion once daily on Days 1-5 of a 21-day cycle. Cycles can be repeated every 21 days until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Table 1 displays the recommended Beleodaq dosage modifications for hematologic and non-hematologic toxicities. Base dosage adjustments for thrombocytopenia and neutropenia on platelet and absolute neutrophil nadir (lowest value) counts in the preceding cycle of therapy.
Monitor complete blood counts at baseline and weekly. Perform serum chemistry tests, including renal and hepatic functions prior to the start of the first dose of each cycle.
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Dosage Modification |
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Dosage Modifications due to Hematologic Toxicities |
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Platelet count ≥ 25 x 109/L and nadir ANC ≥ 0.5 x 109/L |
No Change |
Nadir ANC < 0.5 x 109/L (any platelet count) |
Decrease dosage by 25% (750 mg/m2) |
Platelet count < 25 x 109/L (any nadir ANC) |
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Dosage Modifications due to Non-Hematologic Toxicities |
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Any CTCAE Grade 3 or 4 adverse reaction* |
Decrease dosage by 25% (750 mg/m2) |
Recurrence of CTCAE Grade 3 or 4 adverse reaction after two dosage reductions |
Discontinue Beleodaq |
Reduce the starting dose of Beleodaq to 750 mg/m2 in patients known to be homozygous for the UGT1A1*28 allele [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.5)].
As with other potentially cytotoxic anticancer agents, exercise care in the handling and preparation of solutions prepared with Beleodaq.
Beleodaq can cause thrombocytopenia, leukopenia (neutropenia and lymphopenia), and/or anemia; monitor blood counts weekly during treatment, and modify dosage as necessary [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) and Adverse Reactions(6.1)].
Serious and sometimes fatal infections, including pneumonia and sepsis, have occurred with Beleodaq. Do not administer Beleodaq to patients with an active infection. Patients with a history of extensive or intensive chemotherapy may be at higher risk of life threatening infections [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
Beleodaq can cause fatal hepatotoxicity and liver function test abnormalities [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Monitor liver function tests before treatment and before the start of each cycle. Interrupt or adjust dosage until recovery, or permanently discontinue Beleodaq based on the severity of the hepatic toxicity[see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
Tumor lysis syndrome has occurred in Beleodaq-treated patients in the clinical trial of patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Monitor patients with advanced stage disease and/or high tumor burden and take appropriate precautions [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea occur with Beleodaq [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] and may require the use of antiemetic and antidiarrheal medications.
Beleodaq can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Beleodaq may cause teratogenicity and/or embryo-fetal lethality because it is genotoxic and targets actively dividing cells [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)]. Women of childbearing potential should be advised to avoid pregnancy while receiving Beleodaq. If this drug is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of potential hazard to the fetus [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].
The following serious adverse reactions are described in more detail in other sections of the prescribing information.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of Beleodaq may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
Adverse Reactions in Patients with Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma
The safety of Beleodaq was evaluated in 129 patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL in the single arm clinical trial in which patients were administered Beleodaq at a dosage of 1,000 mg/m2 administered over 30 minutes by IV infusion once daily on Days 1-5 of a 21-day cycle [see Clinical Studies (14)]. The median duration of treatment was 2 cycles (range 1 – 33 cycles).
The most common adverse reactions observed in the trial of patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL treated with Beleodaq were nausea, fatigue, pyrexia, anemia, and vomiting [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Table 2 summarizes the adverse reactions regardless of causality from the trial in patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL.
Adverse Reactions |
Percentage of Patients (%) (N=129) |
|
All Grades |
Grade 3 or 4 |
|
All Adverse Reactions |
97 |
61 |
Nausea |
42 |
1 |
Fatigue |
37 |
5 |
Pyrexia |
35 |
2 |
Anemia |
32 |
11 |
Vomiting |
29 |
1 |
Constipation |
23 |
1 |
Diarrhea |
23 |
2 |
Dyspnea |
22 |
6 |
Rash |
20 |
1 |
Peripheral Edema |
20 |
0 |
Cough |
19 |
0 |
Thrombocytopenia |
16 |
7 |
Pruritus |
16 |
3 |
Chills |
16 |
1 |
Increased Blood Lactate Dehydrogenase |
16 |
2 |
Decreased Appetite |
15 |
2 |
Headache |
15 |
0 |
Infusion Site Pain |
14 |
0 |
Hypokalemia |
12 |
4 |
Prolonged QT |
11 |
4 |
Abdominal pain |
11 |
1 |
Hypotension |
10 |
3 |
Phlebitis |
10 |
1 |
Dizziness |
10 |
0 |
Note: Adverse reactions are listed by order of incidence in the “All Grades” category first, then by incidence in “the Grade 3 or 4” category; Measured by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) version 3.0
Serious Adverse Reactions
Sixty-one patients (47.3%) experienced serious adverse reactions while taking Beleodaq or within 30 days after their last dose of Beleodaq. The most common serious adverse reactions (> 2%) were pneumonia, pyrexia, infection, anemia, increased creatinine, thrombocytopenia, and multi-organ failure. One treatment-related death associated with hepatic failure was reported in the trial.
One patient with baseline hyperuricemia and bulky disease experienced Grade 4 tumor lysis syndrome during the first cycle of treatment and died due to multi-organ failure. A treatment-related death from ventricular fibrillation was reported in another monotherapy clinical trial with Beleodaq. ECG analysis did not identify QTc prolongation.
Discontinuations due to Adverse Reactions
Twenty-five patients (19.4%) discontinued treatment with Beleodaq due to adverse reactions. The adverse reactions reported most frequently as the reason for discontinuation of treatment included anemia, febrile neutropenia, fatigue, and multi-organ failure.
Dosage Modifications due to Adverse Reactions
In the trial, dosage adjustments due to adverse reactions occurred in 12% of Beleodaq-treated patients.
Belinostat is primarily metabolized by UGT1A1. Avoid concomitant administration of Beleodaq with strong inhibitors of UGT1A1 [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Pregnancy Category D [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].
Risk Summary
Beleodaq may cause teratogenicity and/or embryo-fetal lethality because it is a genotoxic drug and targets actively dividing cells [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)]. Women should avoid pregnancy while receiving Beleodaq. If this drug is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of potential hazard to the fetus.
Animal Data
No reproductive and developmental animal toxicology studies have been conducted with belinostat.
It is not known whether belinostat is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from Beleodaq, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
The safety and effectiveness of Beleodaq in pediatric patients have not been established.
In the single-arm trial, 48% of patients (n = 62) were ≥ 65 years of age and 10% of patients (n=13) were ≥ 75 years of age [see Clinical Studies (14)]. The median age of the trial population was 63 years. Patients ≥ 65 years of age had a higher response rate to Beleodaq treatment than patients < 65 years of age (36% versus 16%) while no meaningful differences in response rate were observed between patients ≥ 75 years of age and those < 75 years of age. No clinically meaningful differences in serious adverse reactions were observed in patients based on age (< 65 years compared with ≥ 65 years or < 75 years of age compared with ≥ 75 years of age).
Belinostat is metabolized in the liver and hepatic impairment is expected to increase exposure to belinostat. Patients with moderate and severe hepatic impairment (total bilirubin >1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)) were excluded from clinical trials.
There is insufficient data to recommend a dose of Beleodaq in patients with moderate and severe hepatic impairment [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Belinostat exposure is not altered in patients with Creatinine Clearance (CLcr) > 39 mL/min. There is insufficient data to recommend a dose of Beleodaq in patients with CLcr ≤ 39 mL/min. [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
No specific information is available on the treatment of overdosage of Beleodaq. There is no antidote for Beleodaq and it is not known if Beleodaq is dialyzable. If an overdose occurs, general supportive measures should be instituted as deemed necessary by the treating physician. The elimination half-life of belinostat is 1.1 hours [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Beleodaq is a histone deacetylase inhibitor with a sulfonamide-hydroxamide structure. The chemical name of belinostat is (2E)-N-hydroxy-3-[3-(phenylsulfamoyl)phenyl]prop-2-enamide. The structural formula is as follows:
The molecular formula is C15H14N2O4S and the molecular weight is 318.35 g/mol.
Belinostat is a white to off-white powder. It is slightly soluble in distilled water (0.14 mg/mL) and polyethylene glycol 400 (about 1.5 mg/mL), and is freely soluble in ethanol (> 200 mg/mL). The pKa values are 7.87 and 8.71 by potentiometry and 7.86 and 8.59 by UV.
Beleodaq (belinostat) for injection is supplied as a sterile lyophilized yellow powder containing 500 mg belinostat as the active ingredient. Each vial also contains 1000 mg L-Arginine, USP as an inactive ingredient. The drug product is supplied in a single-dose 30 mL clear glass vial with a coated stopper and aluminum crimp seal with “flip-off” cap. Beleodaq is intended for intravenous administration after reconstitution with 9 mL Sterile Water for injection, and the reconstituted solution is further diluted with 250 mL of sterile 0.9% Sodium Chloride injection prior to infusion [see Dosage and Administration (2)].
Beleodaq is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. HDACs catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from the lysine residues of histones and some non-histone proteins. In vitro, belinostat caused the accumulation of acetylated histones and other proteins, inducing cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis of some transformed cells. Belinostat shows preferential cytotoxicity towards tumor cells compared to normal cells. Belinostat inhibited the enzymatic activity of histone deacetylases at nanomolar concentrations (<250 nM).
Cardiac Electrophysiology
Multiple clinical trials have been conducted with Beleodaq, in many of which ECG data were collected and analyzed by a central laboratory. Analysis of clinical ECG and belinostat plasma concentration data demonstrated no meaningful effect of Beleodaq on cardiac repolarization. None of the trials showed any clinically relevant changes caused by Beleodaq on heart rate, PR duration or QRS duration as measures of autonomic state, atrio-ventricular conduction or depolarization; there were no cases of Torsades de Pointes.
The pharmacokinetic characteristics of belinostat were analyzed from pooled data from phase 1/2 clinical studies that used doses of belinostat ranging from 150 to 1200 mg/m2. The total mean plasma clearance and elimination half-life were 1240 mL/min and 1.1 hours, respectively. The total clearance approximates average hepatic blood flow (1500 mL/min), suggesting high hepatic extraction (clearance being flow dependent).
Distribution
The mean belinostat volume of distribution approaches total body water, indicating that belinostat has limited body tissue distribution. In vitro plasma studies have shown that between 92.9% and 95.8% of belinostat is bound to protein in an equilibrium dialysis assay, and was independent of belinostat plasma concentrations from 500 to 25,000 ng/mL.
Elimination
Metabolism
Belinostat is primarily metabolized by hepatic UGT1A1. Strong UGT1A1 inhibitors are expected to increase exposure to belinostat. Belinostat also undergoes hepatic metabolism by CYP2A6, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 enzymes to form belinostat amide and belinostat acid. The enzymes responsible for the formation of methyl belinostat and 3-(anilinosulfonyl)-benzenecarboxylic acid, (3-ASBA) are not known.
Excretion
Following a single dose of [14C]-labelled belinostat (100 μCi, 1500 mg) administered as a 30-minute intravenous infusion in patients with recurrent or progressive malignancy (N=6), fecal excretion accounted for a mean (± SD) of 9.7% (± 6.5%) of the administered radioactive belinostat dose over 168 hours. The mean (± SD) of the administered radioactive belinostat dose that was excreted in urine over 168 hours was 84.8% (± 9.8%), of which unchanged belinostat accounted for only 1.7%.
Drug Interaction Studies
In vitro studies showed belinostat and its metabolites (including belinostat glucuronide, belinostat amide, methyl belinostat) inhibited metabolic activities of CYP2C8 and CYP2C9. Other metabolites (3-ASBA and belinostat acid) inhibited CYP2C8.
In cancer patients, co-administration of Beleodaq (1,000 mg/m2) and warfarin (5 mg), a known CYP2C9 substrate, did not increase the AUC or Cmax of either R- or S-warfarin.
Belinostat is likely a glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate but is unlikely to inhibit P-gp.
UGT1A1 activity is reduced in individuals with genetic polymorphisms that lead to reduced enzyme activity such as the UGT1A1*28 polymorphism. Approximately 20% of the black population, 10% of the white population, and 2% of the Asian population are homozygous for the UGT1A1*28 allele. Additional reduced function alleles may be more prevalent in specific populations.
Because belinostat is primarily (80 -90%) metabolized by UGT1A1, the clearance of belinostat could be decreased in patients with reduced UGT1A1 activity (e.g., patients with UGT1A1*28 allele). Reduce the starting dose of Beleodaq to 750 mg/m2 in patients known to be homozygous for the UGT1A1*28 allele to minimize dose limiting toxicities.
Carcinogenicity studies have not been performed with belinostat.
Belinostat was genotoxic in a bacterial reverse mutation test (Ames assay), an in vitro mouse lymphoma cell mutagenesis assay, and an in vivo rat micronucleus assay.
Beleodaq may impair male fertility. Fertility studies using belinostat were not conducted. However, belinostat effects on male reproductive organs observed during the 24-week repeat-dose dog toxicology study included reduced organ weights of the testes/epididymides that correlated with a delay in testicular maturation.
Relapsed or Refractory Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma (PTCL)
In an open-label, single-arm, non-randomized international trial conducted at 62 centers, 129 patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL were treated with Beleodaq 1,000 mg/m2 administered over 30 minutes via IV infusion once daily on Days 1-5 of a 21-day cycle. There were 120 patients who had histologically confirmed PTCL by central review evaluable for efficacy. Patients were treated with repeat cycles every three weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Efficacy was evaluated using response rate (complete response and partial response) as assessed by an independent review committee (IRC) using the International Workshop Criteria (IWC) (Cheson 2007). Response assessments were evaluated every 6 weeks for the first 12 months and then every 12 weeks until 2 years from the start of study treatment. Duration of response was measured from the first day of documented response to disease progression or death. Response and progression of disease were evaluated by the IRC using the IWC.
Table 3 summarizes the baseline demographic and disease characteristics of the study population, who were evaluable for efficacy.
Characteristics |
Evaluable Patients (N=120) |
Age (years) Median (range) |
64 (29-81) |
Sex, % Male Female |
52 48 |
Race, % White Black Asian Latin Other |
88 6 3 3 2 |
PTCL Subtype Based on Central Diagnosis, % PTCL Unspecified (NOS) Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) ALK-1 negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) Other |
64 18 11 7 |
Baseline Platelet Count, % ≥100,000/μL <100,000/μL |
83 17 |
ECOG Performance Status, % 0 1 2 3 |
34 43 22 1 |
Median time (months) from Initial PTCL Diagnosis (Range) |
12 (2.6 – 266.4) |
Median Number of Prior Systemic Therapies (Range) |
2 (1-8) |
In all evaluable patients (N = 120) treated with Beleodaq, the overall response rate per central review using IWC was 25.8% (n = 31) (Table 4) with rates of 23.4% for PTCL, NOS and 45.5% for AITL, the two largest subtypes enrolled.
Evaluable Patients
|
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Response Rate |
n (%) |
(95% CI) |
|
31 (25.8) |
18.3-34.6 |
|
13 (10.8) |
5.9-17.8 |
|
18 (15.0) |
9.1 – 22.7 |
CI=confidence interval, CR=complete response, PR=partial response
The median duration of response based on the first date of response to disease progression or death was 8.4 months (95% CI: 4.5 – 29.4). Of the responders, the median time to response was 5.6 weeks (range 4.3 - 50.4 weeks). Nine patients (7.5%) were able to proceed to a stem cell transplant after treatment with Beleodaq.
16.1 How Supplied
Beleodaq (belinostat) for injection is supplied in single vial cartons; each 30 mL clear vial contains sterile, lyophilized powder equivalent to 500 mg belinostat.
NDC: 68152-108-09: Individual carton of Beleodaq 30 mL single-dose vial containing 500 mg belinostat.
16.2 Storage and Handling
Store Beleodaq (belinostat) for injection at room temperature 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Excursions are permitted between 15°C and 30°C (59°F and 86°F). Retain in original package until use. [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].
Beleodaq is a cytotoxic drug. Follow special handling and disposal procedures [see References (15)1].
Physicians should discuss the FDA approved Patient Information Leaflet with patients prior to treatment with Beleodaq. Instruct patients to read the Patient Information Leaflet carefully.
Advise the patient or the caregiver to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information).
Advise patients or their caregivers:
Manufactured for:
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Irvine, CA 92618
Beleodaq is a registered trademark of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. All rights are reserved.
U.S. Patent: 6,888,027
PATIENT INFORMATION
BELEODAQ®(Bē-lēo-dak)
(belinostat) for injection, for intravenous use
Read this Patient Information before you receive treatment with Beleodaq and each time you receive Beleodaq. There may be new information. This leaflet does not take the place of talking to your doctor about your medical condition or your treatment.
What is Beleodaq?
Beleodaq is a prescription medicine used to treat people with a type of cancer called peripheral T-cell Lymphoma (PTCL) that comes back or does not respond to cancer treatment.
It is not known if Beleodaq is safe and effective in children.
What should I tell my doctor before receiving Beleodaq?
Before receiving Beleodaq, tell your doctor about all of your medical conditions, including if you:
Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.
How will I receive Beleodaq?
What are the possible side effects of Beleodaq?
Beleodaq may cause serious side effects, including:
Common side effects of Beleodaq include fatigue, fever, and low red blood cell count.
General information about Beleodaq
What are the ingredients in Beleodaq?
Active ingredient: belinostat
Inactive ingredients: L-Arginine
Manufactured for: Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Irvine, CA 92618
Beleodaq is a registered trademark of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. All rights reserved.
For more information, go to www.Beleodaq.com or call 1-888-292-9617.
Carton Label
NDC: 68152-108-09
Beleodaq® (belinostat) for injection
500 mg/vial
For Intravenous Infusion Only
Single-Dose Vial
Vial Label
NDC: 68152-108-09
Beleodaq® (belinostat) for injection
500 mg/vial
For Intravenous Infusion Only
Single-Dose Vial
BELEODAQ
belinostat injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution |
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Labeler - Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (790888002) |
Mark Image Registration | Serial | Company Trademark Application Date |
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BELEODAQ 86140026 4626277 Live/Registered |
ACROTECH BIOPHARMA LLC 2013-12-10 |