| HIV-1 antiviral agents: Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) |
| didanosine | ↔ darunavir ↔ cobicistat ↔ didanosine | Didanosine should be administered one hour before or two hours after PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED (administered with food). |
| HIV-1 antiviral agents: Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) |
| efavirenz | ↓ cobicistat ↓ darunavir | Co-administration with efavirenz is not recommended because it may result in loss of therapeutic effect and development of resistance to darunavir. |
| etravirine | ↓ cobicistat darunavir: effect unknown | Co-administration with etravirine is not recommended because it may result in loss of therapeutic effect and development of resistance to darunavir. |
| nevirapine | ↓ cobicistat darunavir: effect unknown | Co-administration with nevirapine is not recommended because it may result in loss of therapeutic effect and development of resistance to darunavir. |
| HIV-1 antiviral agents: CCR5 co-receptor antagonists |
| maraviroc | ↑ maraviroc | Maraviroc is a substrate of CYP3A. When co-administered with PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED, patients should receive maraviroc 150 mg twice daily. |
| Other agents | | |
Alpha 1-adrenoreceptor antagonist: alfuzosin | ↑ alfuzosin | Co-administration is contraindicated due to potential for serious and/or life-threatening reactions such as hypotension. |
Antibacterials: clarithromycin, erythromycin, telithromycin | ↑ darunavir ↑ cobicistat ↑ antibacterial | Consider alternative antibiotics with concomitant use of PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED. |
Anticancer agents: dasatinib, nilotinib | ↑ anticancer agent | A decrease in the dosage or an adjustment of the dosing interval of dasatinib or nilotinib may be necessary when co-administered with PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED. Consult the dasatinib and nilotinib prescribing information for dosing instructions. |
| vinblastine, vincristine | | For vincristine and vinblastine, consider temporarily withholding the cobicistat-containing antiretroviral regimen in patients who develop significant hematologic or gastrointestinal side effects when PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED is administered concurrently with vincristine or vinblastine. If the antiretroviral regimen must be withheld for a prolonged period, consider initiating a revised regimen that does not include a CYP3A or P-gp inhibitor. |
Anticoagulants: Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) apixaban | ↑ apixaban | Due to potentially increased bleeding risk, dosing recommendations for co-administration of apixaban with PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED depend on the apixaban dose. Refer to apixaban dosing instructions for co-administration with P-gp and strong CYP3A inhibitors in apixaban prescribing information. |
| rivaroxaban | ↑ rivaroxaban | Co-administration of rivaroxaban with PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED is not recommended because it may lead to an increased bleeding risk. |
dabigatran etexilate edoxaban | ↑ dabigatran ↑ edoxaban | Refer to the dabigatran etexilate or edoxaban prescribing information for recommendations regarding co-administration. The specific recommendations are based on indication, renal function, and effect of the co-administered P-gp inhibitors on the concentration of dabigatran or edoxaban. Clinical monitoring is recommended when a DOAC not affected by CYP3A4 but transported by P-gp, including dabigatran etexilate and edoxaban, is co-administered with PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED. |
| Other Anticoagulants: | | |
| warfarin | warfarin: effect unknown | Monitor the international normalized ratio (INR) when co-administering with warfarin. |
Anticonvulsants: carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin | ↓ darunavir ↓ cobicistat | Co-administration is contraindicated due to potential for reduced plasma concentrations of darunavir, which may result in loss of therapeutic effect and development of resistance. |
Anticonvulsants with CYP3A induction effects that are NOT contraindicated: e.g. eslicarbazepine, oxcarbazepine | ↓ cobicistat darunavir: effect unknown | Consider alternative anticonvulsant or antiretroviral therapy to avoid potential changes in exposures. If co-administration is necessary, monitor for lack or loss of virologic response. |
Anticonvulsants that are metabolized by CYP3A: e.g. clonazepam | ↑ clonazepam | Clinical monitoring of anticonvulsants is recommended. |
Antidepressants: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): e.g. paroxetine, sertraline | SSRIs: effects unknown | When co-administering with SSRIs, TCAs, or trazodone, careful dose titration of the antidepressant to the desired effect, including using the lowest feasible initial or maintenance dose, and monitoring for antidepressant response are recommended. |
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs): e.g. amitriptyline, desipramine, imipramine, nortriptyline | ↑ TCAs |
Other antidepressants: trazodone | ↑ trazodone |
Antifungals: itraconazole, isavuconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole | ↑ darunavir ↑ cobicistat | Monitor for increased darunavir or cobicistat and/or antifungal adverse reactions. |
↑ itraconazole ↑ ketoconazole ↑ isavuconazole ↔ posaconazole | Specific dosing recommendations are not available for co-administration with these antifungals. Monitor for increased itraconazole or ketoconazole adverse reactions. |
| voriconazole | voriconazole: effects unknown | Co-administration with voriconazole is not recommended unless benefit/risk assessment justifies the use of voriconazole. |
Anti-gout: colchicine | ↑ colchicine | Co-administration is contraindicated in patients with renal and/or hepatic impairment due to potential for serious and/or life-threatening reactions.
For patients without renal or hepatic impairment:
- Treatment of gout flares – co-administration of colchicine: 0.6 mg (1 tablet) × 1 dose, followed by 0.3 mg (half tablet) 1 hour later. Treatment course to be repeated no earlier than 3 days.
- Prophylaxis of gout flares – co-administration of colchicine: If the original regimen was 0.6 mg twice a day, the regimen should be adjusted to 0.3 mg once a day. If the original regimen was 0.6 mg once a day, the regimen should be adjusted to 0.3 mg once every other day.
- Treatment of familial Mediterranean fever – co-administration of colchicine: Maximum daily dose of 0.6 mg (may be given as 0.3 mg twice a day).
|
Antimalarial: artemether/lumefantrine | artemether: effect unknown lumefantrine: effect unknown | Monitor for a potential decrease of antimalarial efficacy or potential QT prolongation. |
| Antimycobacterials: | | |
| rifampin | ↓ darunavir ↓ cobicistat | Co-administration is contraindicated due to potential for loss of therapeutic effect and development of resistance. |
| rifabutin | ↑ rifabutin cobicistat: effects unknown darunavir: effects unknown | When used in combination with PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED, the recommended dose of rifabutin is 150 mg every other day. Monitor for rifabutin-associated adverse reactions including neutropenia and uveitis. |
| rifapentine | ↓ darunavir | Co-administration with rifapentine is not recommended. |
Antipsychotics: lurasidone | ↑ lurasidone | Co-administration is contraindicated due to potential for serious and/or life-threatening reactions. |
| pimozide | ↑ pimozide | Co-administration is contraindicated due to potential for serious and/or life-threatening reactions such as cardiac arrhythmias. |
| e.g. perphenazine, risperidone, thioridazine | ↑ antipsychotic | A decrease in the dose of antipsychotics that are metabolized by CYP3A or CYP2D6 may be needed when co-administered with PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED. |
| quetiapine | ↑ quetiapine | Initiation of PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED in patients taking quetiapine: Consider alternative antiretroviral therapy to avoid increases in quetiapine exposure. If co-administration is necessary, reduce the quetiapine dose to 1/6 of the current dose and monitor for quetiapine- associated adverse reactions. Refer to the quetiapine prescribing information for recommendations on adverse reaction monitoring. Initiation of quetiapine in patients taking PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED: Refer to the quetiapine prescribing information for initial dosing and titration of quetiapine. |
β-Blockers: e.g. carvedilol, metoprolol, timolol | ↑ beta-blockers | Clinical monitoring is recommended for co-administration with beta-blockers that are metabolized by CYP2D6. |
Calcium channel blockers: e.g. amlodipine, diltiazem, felodipine, nifedipine, verapamil | ↑ calcium channel blockers | Clinical monitoring is recommended for co-administration with calcium channel blockers metabolized by CYP3A. |
| Cardiac Disorders: | | |
| ranolazine, ivabradine | ↑ ranolazine ↑ ivabradine | Co-administration is contraindicated due to potential for serious and/or life-threatening reactions. |
| dronedarone | ↑ dronedarone | Co-administration is contraindicated due to potential for serious and/or life-threatening reactions such as cardiac arrhythmias. |
| Other antiarrhythmics | | |
| e.g. amiodarone, disopyramide, flecainide, lidocaine (systemic), mexiletine, propafenone, quinidine | ↑ antiarrhythmics | Clinical monitoring is recommended upon co-administration with antiarrhythmics. |
| digoxin | ↑ digoxin | When co-administering with digoxin, titrate the digoxin dose and monitor digoxin concentrations. |
Corticosteroids: dexamethasone (systemic) Corticosteroids primarily metabolized by CYP3A: e.g. betamethasone budesonide ciclesonide fluticasone methylprednisolone mometasone triamcinolone | ↓ darunavir ↓ cobicistat ↑ corticosteroids | Co-administration with systemic dexamethasone or other systemic corticosteroids that induce CYP3A may result in loss of therapeutic effect and development of resistance to PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED. Consider alternative corticosteroids. Co-administration with corticosteroids (all routes of administration) of which exposures are significantly increased by strong CYP3A inhibitors can increase the risk for Cushing's syndrome and adrenal suppression. Alternative corticosteroids including beclomethasone, prednisone and prednisolone (for which PK and/or PD are less affected by strong CYP3A inhibitors relative to other steroids) should be considered, particularly for long-term use. |
Endothelin receptor antagonists: bosentan | ↓ darunavir ↓ cobicistat ↑ bosentan | Initiation of bosentan in patients taking PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED: In patients who have been receiving PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED for at least 10 days, start bosentan at 62.5 mg once daily or every other day based upon individual tolerability. Initiation of PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED in patients on bosentan: Discontinue use of bosentan at least 36 hours prior to initiation of PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED. After at least 10 days following the initiation of PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED, resume bosentan at 62.5 mg once daily or every other day based upon individual tolerability. Switching from darunavir co-administered with ritonavir to PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED in patients on bosentan: Maintain bosentan dose. |
Ergot derivatives: e.g. dihydroergotamine, ergotamine, methylergonovine | ↑ ergot derivatives | Co-administration is contraindicated due to potential for serious and/or life-threatening reactions such as acute ergot toxicity characterized by peripheral vasospasm and ischemia of the extremities and other tissues. |
Hepatitis C virus (HCV): Direct-Acting Antivirals: elbasvir/grazoprevir | ↑ elbasvir/grazoprevir | Co-administration is contraindicated due to potential for the increased risk of alanine transaminase (ALT) elevations. |
| glecaprevir/pibrentasvir | ↑ glecaprevir ↑ pibrentasvir | Co-administration of PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is not recommended. |
Herbal product: St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) | ↓ darunavir ↓ cobicistat | Co-administration is contraindicated due to potential for reduced plasma concentrations of darunavir, which may result in loss of therapeutic effect and development of resistance. |
| Hormonal contraceptives: | | Additional or alternative (non-hormonal) forms of contraception should be considered when estrogen-containing contraceptives are co-administered with PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3)]. |
| drospirenone/ethinylestradiol | ↑ drospirenone ↓ ethinylestradiol | For co-administration with drospirenone, clinical monitoring is recommended due to the potential for hyperkalemia. |
| Other progestin/estrogen contraceptives | progestin: effects unknown estrogen: effects unknown | No data are available to make recommendations on co-administration with other hormonal contraceptives. |
Immunosuppressants: cyclosporine, sirolimus, tacrolimus | ↑ immunosuppressants | These immunosuppressant agents are metabolized by CYP3A. Therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended with concomitant use |
Immunosuppressant /neoplastic: everolimus | ↑ immunosuppressants | Co-administration of everolimus and PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED is not recommended. |
| irinotecan | | Discontinue PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED at least 1 week prior to starting irinotecan therapy. Do not administer PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED with irinotecan unless there are no therapeutic alternatives. |
Inhaled beta agonist: salmeterol | ↑ salmeterol | Co-administration with salmeterol is not recommended and may result in increased risk of cardiovascular adverse events associated with salmeterol, including QT prolongation, palpitations, and sinus tachycardia. |
| Lipid Modifying Agents | | |
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors: lovastatin, simvastatin | ↑ lovastatin ↑ simvastatin | Co-administration is contraindicated due to potential for serious reactions such as myopathy including rhabdomyolysis. |
| atorvastatin, fluvastatin, pitavastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin | ↑ atorvastatin ↑ fluvastatin ↑ pravastatin ↑ rosuvastatin pitavastatin: effect unknown | For atorvastatin, fluvastatin, pitavastatin, pravastatin, and rosuvastatin, start with the lowest recommended dose and titrate while monitoring for safety (e.g. myopathy). Dosage recommendations with atorvastatin or rosuvastatin are as follows: - atorvastatin dosage should not exceed 20 mg/day
- rosuvastatin dosage should not exceed 20 mg/day
|
Other lipid modifying agents: lomitapide | ↑ lomitapide | Co-administration is contraindicated due to potential for markedly increased transaminases associated with increased plasma concentrations of lomitapide. |
Narcotic analgesics metabolized by CYP3A: e.g. fentanyl, oxycodone | ↑ fentanyl ↑ oxycodone | Careful monitoring of therapeutic effects and adverse reactions associated with CYP3A-metabolized narcotic analgesics (including potentially fatal respiratory depression) is recommended with co-administration. |
| tramadol | ↑ tramadol | A dose decrease may be needed for tramadol with concomitant use. |
Narcotic analgesic for treatment of opioid dependence: buprenorphine, buprenorphine/naloxone, methadone | buprenorphine or buprenorphine/ naloxone: effects unknown methadone: effects unknown | Initiation of buprenorphine, buprenorphine/naloxone or methadone in patients taking PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED: Carefully titrate the dose of buprenorphine, buprenorphine/naloxone or methadone to the desired effect; use the lowest feasible initial or maintenance dose. Initiation of PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED in patients taking buprenorphine, buprenorphine/naloxone or methadone: A dose adjustment for buprenorphine, buprenorphine/naloxone or methadone may be needed. Monitor clinical signs and symptoms. |
| Opioid Antagonist | | |
| naloxegol | ↑ naloxegol | Co-administration of PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED and naloxegol is contraindicated due to potential for precipitating opioid withdrawal symptoms. |
Phosphodiesterase PDE-5 inhibitors: e.g. avanafil, sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil | ↑ PDE-5 inhibitors | Co-administration with avanafil is not recommended because a safe and effective avanafil dosage regimen has not been established. Co-administration with PDE-5 inhibitors may result in an increase in PDE-5 inhibitor-associated adverse reactions including hypotension, syncope, visual disturbances and priapism.
Use of PDE-5 inhibitors for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH):
Co-administration with sildenafil used for PAH is contraindicated due to potential for sildenafil associated adverse reactions (which include visual disturbances, hypotension, prolonged erection, and syncope). The following dose adjustments are recommended for use of tadalafil with PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED: - Initiation of tadalafil in patients taking PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED: In patients receiving PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED for at least one week, start tadalafil at 20 mg once daily. Increase to 40 mg once daily based upon individual tolerability.
- Initiation of PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED in patients taking tadalafil: Avoid use of tadalafil during the initiation of PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED. Stop tadalafil at least 24 hours prior to starting PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED. After at least one week following the initiation of PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED, resume tadalafil at 20 mg once daily. Increase to 40 mg once daily based upon individual tolerability.
- Patients switching from darunavir co-administered with ritonavir to PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED: Maintain tadalafil dose.
Use of PDE-5 inhibitors for erectile dysfunction:
Sildenafil at a single dose not exceeding 25 mg in 48 hours, vardenafil at a single dose not exceeding 2.5 mg dose in 72 hours, or tadalafil at a single dose not exceeding 10 mg dose in 72 hours can be used with increased monitoring for PDE-5 inhibitor-associated adverse reactions. |
| Platelet aggregation inhibitor: | | |
| ticagrelor | ↑ ticagrelor | Co-administration of PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED and ticagrelor is not recommended. |
| clopidogrel | ↓ clopidogrel active metabolite | Co-administration of PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED with clopidogrel is not recommended due to the potential reduction of the antiplatelet activity of clopidogrel. |
| prasugrel | ↔ prasugrel active metabolite | No dose adjustment is needed when prasugrel is co-administered with PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED. |
Sedatives/hypnotics: orally administered midazolam, triazolam | ↑ midazolam ↑ triazolam | Co-administration is contraindicated due to potential for serious and/or life-threatening reactions such as prolonged or increased sedation or respiratory depression. Triazolam and orally administered midazolam are extensively metabolized by CYP3A. Co-administration of triazolam or orally administered midazolam with PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED may cause large increases in the concentrations of these benzodiazepines. |
metabolized by CYP3A: e.g. buspirone, diazepam, estazolam, zolpidem | ↑ sedatives/hypnotics | With concomitant use, titration is recommended with sedatives/hypnotics metabolized by CYP3A and a lower dose of the sedatives/hypnotics should be considered with monitoring for increased and prolonged effects or adverse reactions. |
| parenterally administered midazolam | | Co-administration of parenteral midazolam should be done in a setting that ensures close clinical monitoring and appropriate medical management in case of respiratory depression and/or prolonged sedation. Dose reduction for parenteral midazolam should be considered, especially if more than a single dose of midazolam is administered. |
| Urinary antispasmodics | | |
| fesoterodine | ↑ fesoterodine | When fesoterodine is co-administered with PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED, do not exceed a fesoterodine dose of 4 mg once daily. |
| solifenacin | ↑ solifenacin | When solifenacin is co-administered with PREZCOBIX or PREZCOBIX PED, do not exceed a solifenacin dose of 5 mg once daily. |