TORPHAJECT- butorphanol tartrate injection, solution
TORPHAJECT by
Drug Labeling and Warnings
TORPHAJECT by is a Animal medication manufactured, distributed, or labeled by Butler Animal Health Supply, LLC D/B/A Henry Schein Animal Health, Akorn Operating Company LLC, Akorn. Drug facts, warnings, and ingredients follow.
Drug Details [pdf]
- SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION
- CAUTION
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DESCRIPTION
TORPHAJECT (butorphanol tartrate) Injection is a totally synthetic centrally acting, narcotic agonist- antagonist analgesic with potent antitussive activity. It is a member of the phenanthrene series. The chemical name is Morphinan-3, 14-diol, 17-(cyclobutylmethyl)-,(-)-, (S-(R*,R*))-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate (1:1) (salt). It is a white, crystalline, water soluble substance having a molecular weight of 477.55; its molecular formula is C21H29NO2C4H6O6.
Chemical Structure:
Each mL of TORPHAJECT Injection contains butorphanol base (as butorphanol tartrate, USP) 10 mg, 3.3 mg citric acid, USP, 6.4 mg sodium citrate, USP, 4.7 mg sodium chloride, USP, and 0.1 mg benzethonium chloride, USP, q.s. with water for injection, USP.
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CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Comparative Pharmacology
In animals, butorphanol has been demonstrated to be 4 to 30 times more potent than morphine and pentazocine (Talwin®-V) respectively.1 In humans, butorphanol has been shown to have 5 to 7 times the analgesic activity of morphine and 20 times that of pentazocine.2,3 Butorphanol has 15 to 20 times the oral antitussive activity of codeine or dextromethorphan in dogs and guinea pigs.4
As an antagonist, butorphanol is approximately equivalent to nalorphine and 30 times more potent than pentazocine.1
Cardiopulmonary depressant effects are minimal after treatment with butorphanol as demonstrated in dogs,5 humans6,7 and horses.8 Unlike classical narcotic agonist analgesics which are associated with decreases in blood pressure, reduction in heart rate, and concomitant release of histamine, butorphanol does not cause histamine release.1 Furthermore, the cardiopulmonary effects of butorphanol are not distinctly dosage related but rather reach a ceiling effect beyond which further dosage increases result in relatively lesser effects.
Reproduction: Studies performed in mice and rabbits revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to butorphanol tartrate. In the female rat, parenteral administration was associated with increased nervousness and decreased care for the newborn, resulting in a decreased survival rate of the newborn. This nervousness was seen only in the rat species.
Equine Pharmacology
Following intravenous injection in horses, butorphanol is largely eliminated from the blood within 3 to 4 hours. The drug is extensively metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine.
In ponies, butorphanol given intramuscularly at a dosage of 0.22 mg/kg was shown to alleviate experimentally induced visceral pain for about 4 hours.9
In horses, intravenous dosages of butorphanol ranging from 0.05 to 0.4 mg/kg were shown to be effective in alleviating visceral and superficial pain for at least four hours, as illustrated in the following figure:
Analgesic Effects of Butorphanol Given at Various Dosages in Horses with Abdominal Pain
*Pain threshold in butorphanol-treated colicky horses relative to placebo controls
A definite dosage-response relationship was detected in that butorphanol dosage of 0.1 mg/kg was more effective than 0.05 mg/kg but not different from 0.2 mg/kg in alleviating deep abdominal pain.
Acute Equine Studies
Rapid intravenous administration of butorphanol at a dosage of 2.0 mg/kg (20 times the recommended dosage) to a previously unmedicated horse resulted in a brief episode of inability to stand, muscle fasciculation, a convulsive seizure of 6 seconds duration, and recovery within three minutes. The same dosage administered after 10 successive daily 1.0 mg/kg dosages of butorphanol resulted only in transient sedative effects. During the 10 day course of administration at 1.0 mg/kg (10 times the recommended use level) in two horses, the only detectable drug effects were transient behavioral changes typical of narcotic agonist activity. These included muscle fasciculation about the head and neck, dysphoria, lateral nystagmus, ataxia, and salivation. Repeated administration of butorphanol at 1.0 mg/kg (10 times the recommended dose) every four hours for 48 hours caused constipation in one of two horses.
Subacute Equine Studies
Horses were found to tolerate butorphanol given intravenously at dosages of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mg/kg every 4 hours for 48 hours followed by once daily injections for a total of 21 days. The only detectable drug effects were slight transient ataxia observed occasionally in the high dosage group. No clinical, laboratory, or gross or histopathologic evidence of any butorphanol-related toxicity was encountered in the horses.
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INDICATIONS
TORPHAJECT (butorphanol tartrate) Injection is indicated for the relief of pain associated with colic in adult horses and yearlings. Clinical studies in the horse have shown that butorphanol tartrate alleviates abdominal pain, associated with torsion, impaction, intussusception, spasmodic and tympanic colic, and postpartum pain.
- WARNINGS
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CAUTION
TORPHAJECT Injection, a potent analgesic, should be used with caution with other sedative or analgesic drugs as these are likely to produce additive effects.
There are no well-controlled studies using butorphanol in breeding horses, weanlings, and foals. Therefore, the drug should not be used in these groups.
- ADVERSE REACTIONS
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DOSAGE
The recommended dosage in the horse is 0.1 mg of butorphanol per kilogram of body weight (0.05 mg/lb) by intravenous injection. This is equivalent to 5 mL of TORPHAJECT Injection for each 1000 lbs body weight. The dose may be repeated within 3 to 4 hours but treatment should not exceed 48 hours. Pre-clinical model studies and clinical field trials in horses demonstrate that the analgesic effects of butorphanol tartrate are seen within 15 minutes following injection and persist for about 4 hours.
- HOW SUPPLIED
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REFERENCES
- Pircio. A.W. et al: The Pharmacology of Butorphanol. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 220(2):231-257, 1976.
- Dobkin, A.B. et al: Butorphanol and Pentazocine in Patients with Severe Postoperative Pain. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther 18:547-553, 1975.
- Gilbert, M.S. et al: Intramuscular Butorphanol and Meperidine in Postoperative Pain. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 20:359-364, 1976.
- Cavanagh, R.L. et al: Antitussive Properties of Butorphanol, Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 220 258-268, 1976.
- Shurig, J.E. et al: Effect of Butorphanol and Morphine on Pulmonary Mechanics, Arterial Blood Pressure, and Venous Plasma Histamine in the Anesthetized Dog. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 233:296-304, 1978.
- Nagashmina, H. et al: Respiratory and Circulatory Effects of Intravenous Butorphanol and Morphine Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 19:735-745, 1976.
- Popio, K.A. et al. Hemodynamic and Respiratory Effects of Morphine and Butorphanol. Clin. Pharm. Ther. 23:281-287, 1978.
- Robertson, J.T. and Muir, W.W.: Cardiopulmonary Effects of Butorphanol Tartrate in Horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 42:41-44, 1981.
- Kalpravidh, M. et al: Effects of Butorphanol, Flunixin, Levorphanol, Morphine, Pentazocine and Xylazine in Ponies. Am. J. Vet. Res. 45:217-223, 1984.
Distributed by:
Henry Schein Animal Health
Dublin, Ohio 43017
www.henryscheinvet.comAH-TorphaJect-02
Rev: 0917HBUA0N Rev. 09/17
Reorder # 058323 for 20 mL Vial
Reorder # 058324 for 50 mL Vial -
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
Principal Display Panel Text for Container Label:
HENRY SCHEIN®
ANIMAL HEALTH Logo
NDC: 11695-6836-2
TORPHAJECT CIV
(butorphanol tartrate injection)
contains 10 mg butorphanol base
per mL as butorphanol tartrate, USP 20 mL
Caution: Federal (USA) law restricts this drug to
use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.
ANADA #200-332, Approved by FDA
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PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
Principal Display Panel Text for Carton Label:
HENRY SCHEIN®
ANIMAL HEALTH Logo
NDC: 11695-6836-2
TORPHAJECT CIV
(butorphanol tartrate injection)
contains 10 mg
butorphanol base per mL
as butorphanol tartrate, USP
20 mL
Caution: Federal (USA) law restricts
this drug to use by or on the
order of a licensed veterinarian.
ANADA #200-332, Approved by FDA
HENRY SCHEIN Ribbon Logo
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INGREDIENTS AND APPEARANCE
TORPHAJECT
butorphanol tartrate injection, solutionProduct Information Product Type PRESCRIPTION ANIMAL DRUG Item Code (Source) NDC: 11695-6836 Route of Administration INTRAVENOUS DEA Schedule CIV Active Ingredient/Active Moiety Ingredient Name Basis of Strength Strength Butorphanol Tartrate (UNII: 2L7I72RUHN) (Butorphanol - UNII:QV897JC36D) Butorphanol Tartrate 10 mg in 1 mL Inactive Ingredients Ingredient Name Strength Citric Acid Monohydrate (UNII: 2968PHW8QP) Sodium Citrate (UNII: 1Q73Q2JULR) Sodium Chloride (UNII: 451W47IQ8X) Benzethonium Chloride (UNII: PH41D05744) Water (UNII: 059QF0KO0R) Packaging # Item Code Package Description Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date 1 NDC: 11695-6836-2 1 in 1 CARTON 1 20 mL in 1 VIAL 2 NDC: 11695-6836-5 1 in 1 CARTON 2 50 mL in 1 VIAL Marketing Information Marketing Category Application Number or Monograph Citation Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date ANADA ANADA200332 02/24/2017 Labeler - Butler Animal Health Supply, LLC D/B/A Henry Schein Animal Health (603750329) Establishment Name Address ID/FEI Business Operations Akorn, Inc 063434679 PACK, LABEL Establishment Name Address ID/FEI Business Operations Akorn, Inc. 155135783 MANUFACTURE, ANALYSIS, STERILIZE
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