Onpattro

ONPATTRO should be administered by a healthcare professional.

ONPATTRO is administered via intravenous (IV) infusion. Dosing is based on actual body weight.

For patients weighing less than 100 kg, the recommended dosage is 0.3 mg/kg once every 3 weeks.

For patients weighing 100 kg or more, the recommended dosage is 30 mg once every 3 weeks.

All patients should receive premedication prior to ONPATTRO administration to reduce the risk of infusion-related reactions (IRRs) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. Each of the following premedications should be given on the day of ONPATTRO infusion at least 60 minutes prior to the start of infusion:

• Intravenous corticosteroid (e.g., dexamethasone 10 mg, or equivalent)
• Oral acetaminophen (500 mg)
• Intravenous H1 blocker (e.g., diphenhydramine 50 mg, or equivalent)
• Intravenous H2 blocker (e.g., famotidine 20 mg, or equivalent)

For premedications not available or not tolerated intravenously, equivalents may be administered orally.

For patients who are tolerating their ONPATTRO infusions but experiencing adverse reactions related to the corticosteroid premedication, the corticosteroid may be reduced by 2.5 mg increments to a minimum dose of 5 mg of dexamethasone (intravenous), or equivalent.

Some patients may require additional or higher doses of one or more of the premedications to reduce the risk of IRRs [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

ONPATTRO must be filtered and diluted prior to intravenous infusion. The diluted solution for infusion should be prepared by a healthcare professional using aseptic technique as follows:

• Remove ONPATTRO from the refrigerator and allow to warm to room temperature. Do not shake or vortex.
• Inspect visually for particulate matter and discoloration. Do not use if discoloration or foreign particles are present. ONPATTRO is a white to off-white, opalescent, homogeneous solution. A white to off-white coating may be observed on the inner surface of the vial, typically at the liquid-headspace interface. Product quality is not impacted by presence of the white to off-white coating.
• Calculate the required dose of ONPATTRO based on the recommended weight-based dosage [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].
• Withdraw the entire contents of one or more vials into a single sterile syringe.
• Filter ONPATTRO through a sterile 0.45 micron polyethersulfone (PES) syringe filter into a sterile container.
• Withdraw the required volume of filtered ONPATTRO from the sterile container using a sterile syringe.
• Dilute the required volume of filtered ONPATTRO into an infusion bag containing 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP for a total volume of 200 mL. Use infusion bags that are di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate-free (DEHP-free).
• Gently invert the bag to mix the solution. Do not shake. Do not mix or dilute with other drugs.
• Discard any unused portion of ONPATTRO.
• ONPATTRO does not contain preservatives. The diluted solution should be administered immediately after preparation. If not used immediately, store in the infusion bag at room temperature (up to 30°C [86°F]) for up to 16 hours (including infusion time). Do not freeze.

• Use a dedicated line with an infusion set containing a 1.2 micron polyethersulfone (PES) in-line infusion filter. Use infusion sets and lines that are DEHP-free.
• Infuse the diluted solution of ONPATTRO intravenously, via an ambulatory infusion pump, over approximately 80 minutes, at an initial infusion rate of approximately 1 mL/min for the first 15 minutes, then increase to approximately 3 mL/min for the remainder of the infusion. The duration of infusion may be extended in the event of an IRR [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
• Administer only through a free-flowing venous access line. Monitor the infusion site for possible infiltration during drug administration. Suspected extravasation should be managed according to local standard practice for non-vesicants.
• Observe the patient during the infusion and, if clinically indicated, following the infusion [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
• After completion of the infusion, flush the intravenous administration set with 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP to ensure that all ONPATTRO has been administered.

Infusion-related reactions (IRRs) have been observed in patients treated with ONPATTRO. In clinical studies, all patients received premedication with a corticosteroid, acetaminophen, and antihistamines (H1 and H2 blockers) to reduce the risk of IRRs. In a controlled clinical study, 19% of ONPATTRO-treated patients experienced IRRs, compared to 9% of placebo-treated patients. Among ONPATTRO-treated patients who experienced an IRR, 79% experienced the first IRR within the first 2 infusions. The frequency of IRRs decreased over time. IRRs led to infusion interruption in 5% of patients. IRRs resulted in permanent discontinuation of ONPATTRO in less than 1% of patients in clinical studies. Across clinical studies, the most common symptoms (reported in greater than 2% of patients) of IRRs with ONPATTRO were flushing, back pain, nausea, abdominal pain, dyspnea, and headache [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Severe hypotension and syncope have been reported as symptoms of IRRs in the expanded access program and postmarketing setting.

Patients should receive premedications on the day of ONPATTRO infusion, at least 60 minutes prior to the start of infusion [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)]. Monitor patients during the infusion for signs and symptoms of IRRs. If an IRR occurs, consider slowing or interrupting the ONPATTRO infusion and instituting medical management (e.g., corticosteroids or other symptomatic treatment), as clinically indicated. If the infusion is interrupted, consider resuming at a slower infusion rate only if symptoms have resolved. In the case of a serious or life-threatening IRR, the infusion should be discontinued and not resumed.

Some patients who experience IRRs may benefit from a slower infusion rate or additional or higher doses of one or more of the premedications with subsequent infusions to reduce the risk of IRRs [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].

ONPATTRO treatment leads to a decrease in serum vitamin A levels. Supplementation at the recommended daily allowance of vitamin A is advised for patients taking ONPATTRO. Higher doses than the recommended daily allowance of vitamin A should not be given to try to achieve normal serum vitamin A levels during treatment with ONPATTRO, as serum vitamin A levels do not reflect the total vitamin A in the body.

Patients should be referred to an ophthalmologist if they develop ocular symptoms suggestive of vitamin A deficiency (e.g., night blindness).

Because clinical studies are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical studies of ONPATTRO cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical studies of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

A total of 224 patients with polyneuropathy caused by hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis (hATTR amyloidosis) received ONPATTRO in the placebo-controlled and open-label clinical studies, including 186 patients exposed for at least 1 year, 137 patients exposed for at least 2 years, and 52 patients exposed for at least 3 years. In the placebo-controlled study, 148 patients received ONPATTRO for up to 18 months (mean exposure 17.7 months). Baseline demographic and disease characteristics were generally similar between treatment groups. The median age of study patients was 62 years and 74% were male. Seventy-two percent of study patients were Caucasian, 23% were Asian, 2% were Black, and 2% were reported as other. At baseline, 46% of patients were in Stage 1 of the disease and 53% were in Stage 2. Forty-three percent of patients had Val30Met mutations in the transthyretin gene; the remaining patients had 38 other point mutations. Sixty-two percent of ONPATTRO-treated patients had non-Val30Met mutations, compared to 48% of the placebo-treated patients.

Upper respiratory tract infections and infusion-related reactions were the most common adverse reactions. One patient (0.7%) discontinued ONPATTRO because of an infusion-related reaction.

Patients were instructed to take the recommended daily allowance of vitamin A [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Sixty-four percent of patients treated with ONPATTRO had normal vitamin A levels at baseline, and 99% of those with a normal baseline developed low vitamin A levels. In one case, the decreased vitamin A level was reported as an adverse reaction.

Table 1 lists the adverse reactions that occurred in at least 5% of patients in the ONPATTRO-treated group and that occurred at least 3% more frequently than in the placebo-treated group in the randomized controlled clinical trial.

Four serious adverse reactions of atrioventricular (AV) heart block (2.7%) occurred in ONPATTRO-treated patients, including 3 cases of complete AV block. No serious adverse reactions of AV block were reported in placebo-treated patients.

Ocular adverse reactions that occurred in 5% or less of ONPATTRO-treated patients in the controlled clinical trial, but in at least 2% of ONPATTRO-treated patients, and more frequently than on placebo, include dry eye (5% vs. 3%), blurred vision (3% vs. 1%), and vitreous floaters (2% vs. 1%).

Extravasation was observed in less than 0.5% of infusions in clinical studies, including cases that were reported as serious. Signs and symptoms included phlebitis or thrombophlebitis, infusion or injection site swelling, dermatitis (subcutaneous inflammation), cellulitis, erythema or injection site redness, burning sensation, or injection site pain.

The detection of antibody formation is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. In addition, the observed incidence of antibody (including neutralizing antibody) positivity in an assay may be influenced by several factors, including assay methodology, sample handling, timing of sample collection, concomitant medications, and underlying disease. For these reasons, comparison of the incidence of antibodies to ONPATTRO in the studies described below with the incidence of antibodies in other studies or to other products may be misleading.

Anti-drug antibodies to ONPATTRO were evaluated by measuring antibodies specific to PEG₂₀₀₀-C-DMG, a lipid component exposed on the surface of ONPATTRO. In the placebo-controlled and open-label clinical studies, 7 of 194 (3.6%) patients with hATTR amyloidosis developed anti-drug antibodies during treatment with ONPATTRO. One additional patient had pre-existing anti-drug antibodies. There was no evidence of an effect of anti-drug antibodies on clinical efficacy, safety, or the pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic profiles of ONPATTRO. Although these data do not demonstrate an impact of anti-drug antibody development on the efficacy or safety of ONPATTRO in these patients, the available data are too limited to make definitive conclusions.

The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of ONPATTRO. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Symptoms of infusion-related reactions have included syncope [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] and pruritus.

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.

No dose adjustment is required in patients ≥65 years old [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. A total of 62 patients ≥65 years of age, including 9 patients ≥75 years of age, received ONPATTRO in the placebo-controlled study. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these patients and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.

No dose adjustment is necessary in patients with mild hepatic impairment (bilirubin ≤1 × ULN and AST >1 × ULN, or bilirubin >1.0 to 1.5 × ULN) [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. ONPATTRO has not been studied in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment.

No dose adjustment is necessary in patients with mild or moderate renal impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ≥30 to <90 mL/min/1.73m²) [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. ONPATTRO has not been studied in patients with severe renal impairment or end-stage renal disease.

Patisiran is a double-stranded siRNA that causes degradation of mutant and wild-type TTR mRNA through RNA interference, which results in a reduction of serum TTR protein and TTR protein deposits in tissues.

The pharmacodynamic effects of ONPATTRO were evaluated in hATTR amyloidosis patients treated with 0.3 mg/kg ONPATTRO via intravenous infusion once every 3 weeks.

Mean serum TTR was reduced by approximately 80% within 10 to 14 days after a single dose. With repeat dosing every 3 weeks, mean reductions of serum TTR after 9 and 18 months of treatment were 83% and 84%, respectively. The mean maximum reduction of serum TTR over 18 months was 88%. Similar TTR reductions were observed regardless of TTR mutation, sex, age, race, or prior liver transplantation. In a dose-ranging study, greater TTR reduction was maintained over the dosing interval with the recommended dosing regimen of 0.3 mg/kg every 3 weeks compared to 0.3 mg/kg every 4 weeks.

Serum TTR is a carrier of retinol binding protein, which is involved in the transport of vitamin A in the blood. Mean reductions in serum retinol binding protein of 45% and serum vitamin A of 62% were observed over 18 months [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

Following a single intravenous administration, systemic exposure to patisiran increases in a linear and dose-proportional manner over the range of 0.01 to 0.5 mg/kg. Greater than 95% of patisiran in the circulation is associated with the lipid complex. At the recommended dosing regimen of 0.3 mg/kg every 3 weeks, steady state is reached by 24 weeks of treatment. The estimated mean ± SD steady state peak concentrations (C_max), trough concentrations (C_trough), and area under the curve (AUC_τ) were 7.15 ± 2.14 µg/mL, 0.021 ± 0.044 µg/mL, and 184 ± 159 µg∙h/mL, respectively. The accumulation of AUC_τ was 3.2-fold at steady state, compared to the first dose. In the placebo-controlled study, inter-patient variability in patisiran exposure did not result in differences in clinical efficacy (mNIS+7 change from baseline) or safety (adverse events, serious adverse events).

ONPATTRO is a sterile, preservative-free, white to off-white, opalescent, homogeneous solution for intravenous infusion supplied as a 10 mg/5 mL (2 mg/mL) solution in a single-dose glass vial. The vial stopper is not made with natural rubber latex. ONPATTRO is available in cartons containing one single-dose vial each.

The NDC is: 71336-1000-1.

Store at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Do not freeze. Discard vial if it has been frozen.

If refrigeration is not available, ONPATTRO can be stored at room temperature up to 25°C (up to 77°F) for up to 14 days.

For storage conditions of ONPATTRO after dilution in the infusion bag, see Dosage and Administration (2.3).

Infusion-Related Reactions

Inform patients about the signs and symptoms of infusion-related reactions (e.g., flushing, dyspnea, chest pain, syncope, rash, increased heart rate, facial edema). Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately if they experience signs and symptoms of infusion-related reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

Recommended Vitamin A Supplementation

Inform patients that ONPATTRO treatment leads to a decrease in vitamin A levels measured in the serum. Instruct patients to take the recommended daily allowance of vitamin A. Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider if they experience ocular symptoms suggestive of vitamin A deficiency (e.g., night blindness) and refer them to an ophthalmologist if they develop these symptoms [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

Pregnancy

Instruct patients that if they are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while taking ONPATTRO they should inform their healthcare provider. Advise female patients of childbearing potential of the potential risk to the fetus. Encourage patients to enroll in the ONPATTRO pregnancy exposure registry if they become pregnant while taking ONPATTRO [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].