DEXAMETHASONE- dexamethasone solution injection, solution
Drug Labeling and Warnings
Drug Details [pdf]
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DESCRIPTION
NDC: 50989-074-12
DEXAMETHASONE SOLUTION
2 mg/mLSterile Multiple Dose Vial
NET CONTENTS: 100ML
VEDCO
For Intravenous or Intramuscular Injection
Veterinary
For Animal Use Only
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENANADA# 200-456, Approved by FDA
CAUTION:
Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.Distributed BY
VEDCO, INC
St. Joseph, MO 64507
TAKE TIME OBSERVE LABEL DIRECTIONS
DESCRIPTION:
Dexamethasone is a synthetic analogue of prenisolone, having similar but more potent anti-inflammatory therapeutic action and diversified hormonal and metabolic effects. Modification of the basic corticoid structure as achieved in Dexamethasone Solution offers enhanced anti-inflammatory effect compared to older corticosteroids. The dosage of Dexamethasone Solution required is markedly lower than that of prednisone and prednisolone.Dexamethasone Solution is not species-specific; however, the veterinarian should read the sections on INDICATIONS, DOSAGE, SIDE EFFECTS, CONTRAINDICATIONS, PRECAUTIONS, and WARNINGS before this drug is used.
Dexamethasone Solution is intended for intravenous or intramuscular administration. Each mL contains 2 mg dexamethasone, 500 mg polyethylene glycol 400, 9 mg benzyl alcohol, 1.8 mg methylparaben and 0.2 mg propylparaben as preservatives, 4.75% alcohol, HCl and/or sodium hydroxide to adjust pH to approximately 4.9, Water for Injection q.s.EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES:
Experimental animal studies on dexamethasone have revealed that it possesses greater anti-inflammatory activity than many steroids. Veterinary clinical evidence indicates dexamethasone has approximately twenty times the anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone and 70 to 80 times that of hydrocortisone. Thymus involution studies show dexamethasone possesses 25 times the activity of prednisolone. In reference to mineralocorticoid activity, dexamethasone does not cause significant sodium or water retention. Metabolic balance studies show that animals on controlled and limited protein intake will exhibit nitrogen losses on exceedingly high dosages. -
INDICATIONS & USAGE
INDICATIONS:
Dexamethasone Solution is indicated for the treatment of primary bovine ketosis and as an anti-inflammatory agent in the bovine and equine. As supportive therapy, Dexamethasone Solution may be used in the management of various rheumatic, allergic, dermatologic, and other diseases known to be responsive to anti-inflammatory corticosteroids.
Dexamethasone Solution may be used intravenously as supportive therapy when an immediate hormonal response is required.
Bovine Ketosis
Dexamethasone Solution is offered for the treatment of primary ketosis. The gluconeogenic effects of dexamethasone, when administered intramuscularly, are generally noted within the first six to twelve hours. When Dexamethasone Solution is used intravenously, the effects may be noted sooner. Blood sugar levels rise to normal levels rapidly and generally rise to above normal levels within 12 to 24 hours. Acetone bodies are reduced to normal concentrations usually within 24 hours. The physical attitude of animals treated with Dexamethasone Solution brightens and appetite improves, usually within 12 hours. Milk production, which is suppressed as a compensatory reaction in this condition, begins to increase. In some instances, it may even surpass previous peaks. The recovery process usually takes from three to seven days.
Supportive Therapy
Dexamethasone Solution may be used as supportive therapy in mastitis, metritis, traumatic gastritis, and pyelonephritis, while appropriate primary therapy is administered. In these cases, the corticosteroid combats accompanying stress and enhances the feeling of general well being.
Dexamethasone Solution may also be used as supportive therapy in inflammatory conditions such as arthritic conditions, snake bite, acute mastitis, shipping fever, pneumonia, laminitis, and retained placenta.
Equine
Dexamethasone is indicated for the treatment of acute musculoskeletal inflammations, such as bursitis, carpitis, osselets, tendonitis, myositis, and sprains. If boney changes exist in any of these conditions, joints, or accessory structures, a response to Dexamethasone Solution cannot be expected. In addition, Dexamethasone Solution may be used as supportive therapy in fatigue, heat exhaustion, influenza, laminitis, and retained placenta provided that the primary cause is determined and corrected. -
DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION
ADMINISTRATION AND DOSAGE:
Therapy with Dexamethasone Solution, as with any other potent corticosteroid, should be individualized according to the severity of the condition being treated, anticipated duration of steroid therapy, and animal's threshold or tolerance for steroid excess.
Treatment may be changed over to Dexamethasone Solution from any other glucocorticoid with proper reduction or adjustment of dosage.
Bovine - Dexamethasone Solution - 5 to 20 mg intravenously or intramuscularly. The parenteral dose may be repeated as needed.
Equine - Dexamethasone Solution - 2.5 to 5 mg intravenously or intramuscularly. The parenteral dose may be repeated as needed.
- CONTRAINDICATIONS
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PRECAUTIONS
PRECAUTIONS:
Animals receiving Dexamethasone Solution should be under close observation. Because of the anti-inflammatory action of corticosteroids, signs of infection may be masked and it may be necessary to stop treatment until a further diagnosis is made. Overdosage of some glucocorticoids may result in sodium retention, fluid retention, potassium loss, and weight gain.
Dexamethasone Solution may be administered to animals with acute or chronic bacterial infections providing the infections are controlled with appropriate antibiotic or chemotherapeutic agents.
Doses greater than those recommended in horses may produce a transient drowsiness or lethargy in some horses. The lethargy usually abates in 24 hours.
Use of corticosteroids, depending on dose, duration, and specific steroid, may result in inhibition or endogenous steroid production following drug withdrawal. In patients presently receiving or recently withdrawn from systemic corticosteroid treatments, therapy with a rapidly acting corticosteroid should be considered in unusually stressful situations.
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WARNINGS
WARNING:
Clinical and experimental data have demonstrated that corticosteroids administered orally or parenterally to animals may induce the first stage of parturition when administered during the last trimester of pregnancy and may precipitate parturition followed by dystocia, fetal death, retained placenta, and metritis.
Additionally, corticosteroids administered to dogs, rabbits, and rodents during pregnancy have produced cleft palate. Other congenital anomalies including deformed forelegs, phocomelia, and anasarca have been reported in offspring of dogs which received corticosteroids during pregnancy.
RESIDUE WARNING:
A withdrawal period has not been established for this product in preruminal calves. Do not use in calves to be processed for veal.
SIDE EFFECTS:
Side Effects, such as SAP and SGPT enzyme elevations, weight loss, anorexia, polydipsia, and polyuria, have occurred following the use of synthetic corticosteroids in dogs. Vomiting and diarrhea (occasionally bloody) have been observed in dogs and cats.
Cushing's syndrome in dogs has been reported in association with prolonged or repeated steroid therapy.
Corticosteroids reportedly cause laminitis in horses.
- HOW SUPPLIED
- PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
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INGREDIENTS AND APPEARANCE
DEXAMETHASONE
dexamethasone solution injection, solutionProduct Information Product Type PRESCRIPTION ANIMAL DRUG Item Code (Source) NDC: 50989-074 Route of Administration INTRAVENOUS, INTRAMUSCULAR Active Ingredient/Active Moiety Ingredient Name Basis of Strength Strength DEXAMETHASONE (UNII: 7S5I7G3JQL) (DEXAMETHASONE - UNII:7S5I7G3JQL) DEXAMETHASONE 2 mg in 1 mL Packaging # Item Code Package Description Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date 1 NDC: 50989-074-12 100 mL in 1 VIAL, MULTI-DOSE Marketing Information Marketing Category Application Number or Monograph Citation Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date ANADA ANADA200456 12/01/2012 Labeler - Vedco, Inc (021634266)
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