A mains electricity (AC-powered) laboratory device designed to concentrate fluid containing solutes (dissolved substances, including salts and proteins/hormones) or other chemical compounds (drugs or toxins) by removing the water element. It typically uses heat (to encourage evaporation), membranes, or other small-pore filters that only enable the transmission of water (either by osmotic transfer or sheer physical size of the compounds, with or without the assistance of added pressure via a pump or vacuum) to reduce the fluid component. Some types may employ low pressure gas distributed via a manifold that is blown onto the fluid surface of the solution (to encourage solvent evaporation).