An assembly of mains electricity (AC-powered) devices designed to apply strong electrical stimuli (electric shocks) to a patient's brain to induce convulsions (fit or grand mal seizure of the brain) and loss of consciousness, typically to treat major depression, schizophrenia, or mania. The stimuli are applied through electrodes placed on the unshaved scalp or on the bare skin over the temples; they are not usually targeted toward specific areas of the brain. The system typically consists of an operator's console with controls, displays and printers, and electrodes; it may also include monitors (e.g., electrocardiograph, electroencephalograph) to display vital signs during treatment.
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