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warnings and cautions
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Renal Impairment : Assess renal function at the beginning to treatment and periodically during treatment. Evaluate the risks and benefits in patients with known renal impairment or taking nephrotoxic drugs; monitor renal function. Discontinue mesalamine if renal function deteriorates. ( 5.1 , 7.1 , 8.6 ) Mesalamine-induced Acute Intolerance Syndrome: Symptoms may be difficult to distinguish from an ulcerative colitis exacerbation; monitor for worsening symptoms; discontinue if acute intolerance syndrome suspected. ( 5.2 ) Hypersensitivity Reactions , including Myocarditis and Pericarditis: Evaluate patients immediately and discontinue if a hypersensitivity reaction is suspected. ( 5.3 ) Hepatic Failure : Evaluate the risks and benefits in patients with known liver impairment. ( 5.4 ) Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions: Discontinue at the first signs or symptoms of severe cutaneous adverse reactions or other signs of hypersensitivity and consider further evaluation. ( 5.5 ) Photosensitivity: Advise patients with preexisting skin conditions to avoid sun exposure, wear protective clothing, and use a broad-spectrum sunscreen when outdoors. ( 5.6 ) Nephrolithiasis: Mesalamine-containing stones are undetectable by standard radiography or computed tomography (CT). Ensure adequate hydration during treatment. ( 5.7 ) Interference with Laboratory Tests: Use of mesalamine may lead to spuriously elevated test results when measuring urinary normetanephrine by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. ( 5.9 ) Intracranial Hypertension: If an unusual headache or visual disturbance occurs during treatment, immediately discontinue treatment and refer patient for further evaluation. ( 5.10 ) 5.1 Renal Impairment Renal impairment, including minimal change disease, acute and chronic interstitial nephritis, and, rarely, renal failure, has been reported in patients taking products such as mesalamine delayed-release tablets that contain or are converted to mesalamine [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.2 )] . In animal studies, the kidney was the principal organ of mesalamine toxicity [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.2 ), Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.2 )]. Evaluate renal function prior to initiation of mesalamine delayed-release tablets and periodically while on therapy. Evaluate the risks and benefits of using mesalamine delayed-release tablets in patien...
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adverse reactions
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The most common adverse reactions (≥ 2%) are headache, nausea, nasopharyngitis, abdominal pain, and worsening of ulcerative colitis ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Zydus Pharmaceuticals (USA) Inc. at 1-877-993-8779, or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. The following serious or clinically significant adverse described elsewhere in labeling are: Renal Impairment [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Mesalamine-Induced Acute Intolerance Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] Hypersensitivity Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] Hepatic Failure [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] Photosensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] Nephrolithiasis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] Intracranial Hypertension [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.10 )] 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Mesalamine has been evaluated in 896 patients with ulcerative colitis in controlled studies. Three six-week, active-controlled studies were conducted comparing mesalamine 4.8 grams per day with mesalamine-delayed release tablets 2.4 grams per day in patients with mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. In these studies, 727 patients were dosed with the mesalamine delayed-release tablet, 800 mg and 732 patients were dosed with mesalamine delayed-release tablets, 400 mg. The most common reactions reported in the mesalamine group were headache (4.7%), nausea (2.8%), nasopharyngitis (2.5%), abdominal pain (2.3%), diarrhea (1.7%), and dyspepsia (1.7%); Table 1 enumerates adverse reactions that occurred in the three studies. The most common reactions in patients with moderately active ulcerative colitis (602 patients dosed with mesalamine delayed-release tablet, 800 mg and 618 patients dosed with the mesalamine delayed-release tablet, 400 mg) were the same as all treated patients. Discontinuations due to adverse reactions occurred in 3.9% of patients in the mesalamine delayed-release tablet, 800 mg group and in 4.2% of patients in the mesalamine delayed-release table...
adverse reactions table
Table 1 Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥1% of All Treated Patients (Three studies combined) N = number of patients within specified treatment groupPercent = percentage of patients in category and treatment group Adverse Reaction Mesalamine delayed-release 2.4 grams per day (400 mg Tablet) (N = 732) Mesalamine delayed-release 4.8 grams per day (800 mg Tablet) (N = 727) Headache 4.9 % 4.7 % Nausea 2.9 % 2.8 % Nasopharyngitis 1.4 % 2.5 % Abdominal pain 2.3 % 2.3 % Diarrhea 1.9 % 1.7 % Dyspepsia 0.8 % 1.7 % Vomiting 1.6 % 1.4 % Flatulence 0.7 % 1.2 % Influenza 1.2 % 1 % Pyrexia 1.2 % 0.7 % Cough 1.4 % 0.3 %