DECITABINE injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution

Decitabine by

Drug Labeling and Warnings

Decitabine by is a Prescription medication manufactured, distributed, or labeled by BluePoint Laboratories, Qilu Pharmaceutical (Hainan) Co. Ltd. Drug facts, warnings, and ingredients follow.

Drug Details [pdf]

  • 1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

    Decitabine for Injection is indicated for treatment of adult patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) including previously treated and untreated, de novo and secondary MDS of all French-American-British subtypes (refractory anemia, refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia) and intermediate-1, intermediate-2, and high-risk International Prognostic Scoring System groups.

  • 2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

    2.1 Recommended Dosage

    Pre-Medications and Baseline Testing

    • Consider pre-medicating for nausea with antiemetics.
    • Conduct baseline laboratory testing: complete blood count (CBC) with platelets, serum hepatic panel, and serum creatinine.

    Decitabine for Injection Regimen Options

    Three Day Regimen

    Administer Decitabine for Injection at a dose of 15 mg/m 2by continuous intravenous infusion over 3 hours repeated every 8 hours for 3 days. Repeat cycles every 6 weeks upon hematologic recovery (ANC at least 1,000/mcL and platelets at least 50,000/mcL) for a minimum of 4 cycles. A complete or partial response may take longer than 4 cycles. Delay and reduce dose for hematologic toxicity [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2)] .

    Five Day Regimen

    Administer Decitabine for Injection at a dose of 20 mg/m 2by continuous intravenous infusion over 1 hour daily for 5 days. Delay and reduce dose for hematologic toxicity [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2)] . Repeat cycles every 4 weeks upon hematologic recovery (ANC at least 1,000/mcL and platelets at least 50,000/mcL) for a minimum of 4 cycles. A complete or partial response may take longer than 4 cycles.

    Patients with Renal or Severe Hepatic Impairment

    Treatment with Decitabine for Injection has not been studied in patients with pre-existing renal or hepatic impairment. For patients with pre-existing renal or hepatic impairment, consider the potential risks and benefits before initiating treatment with Decitabine for Injection.

    2.2 Dosage Modifications for Adverse Reactions

    Hematologic Toxicity

    If hematologic recovery from a previous Decitabine for Injection treatment cycle requires more than 6 weeks, delay the next cycle of Decitabine for Injection therapy and reduce Decitabine for Injection dose temporarily by following this algorithm:

    • Recovery requiring more than 6, but less than 8 weeks: delay Decitabine for Injection dosing for up to 2 weeks and reduce the dose temporarily to 11 mg/m 2every 8 hours (33 mg/m 2/day, 99 mg/m 2/cycle) upon restarting therapy.
    • Recovery requiring more than 8, but less than 10 weeks: Perform bone marrow aspirate to assess for disease progression. In the absence of progression, delay Decitabine for Injection dosing for up to 2 more weeks and reduce the dose to 11 mg/m 2every 8 hours (33 mg/m 2/day, 99 mg/m 2/cycle) upon restarting therapy, then maintain or increase dose in subsequent cycles as clinically indicated.

    Non-hematologic Toxicity

    Delay subsequent Decitabine for Injection treatment for any the following nonhematologic toxicities and do not restart until toxicities resolve:

    • Serum creatinine greater than or equal to 2 mg/dL
    • Alanine transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin greater than or equal to 2 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
    • Active or uncontrolled infection

    2.3 Preparation and Administration

    Decitabine for Injection is a cytotoxic drug. Follow special handling and disposal procedures. 1

    Aseptically reconstitute Decitabine for Injection with room temperature (20° to 25°C) 10 mL of Sterile Water for Injection, USP. Upon reconstitution, the final concentration of the reconstituted Decitabine for Injection solution is 5 mg per mL. You must dilute the reconstituted solution with 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection or 5% Dextrose Injection prior to administration. Temperature of the diluent (0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection or 5% Dextrose Injection) depends on time of administration after preparation.

    For Administration Within 15 Minutes of Preparation

    If Decitabine for Injection is intended to be administered within 15 minutes from the time of preparation, dilute the reconstituted solution with room temperature (20° to 25°C) 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection or 5% Dextrose Injection to a final concentration of 0.1 mg per mL to 1 mg per mL. Discard unused portion.

    For Delayed Administration

    If Decitabine for Injection is intended to be administered after 15 minutes of preparation, dilute the reconstituted solution with cold (2° to 8°C) 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection or 5% Dextrose Injection to a final concentration of 0.1 mg per mL to 1 mg per mL. Store at 2° to 8°C for up to 4 hours. Diluted stored solution must be used within 4 hours from the time of preparation. Discard unused portion.

    Use the diluted, refrigerated solution within 4 hours from the time of preparation or discard.

    Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Do not use if there is evidence of particulate matter or discoloration.

  • 3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

    For Injection: 50 mg of decitabine as a sterile, white to almost white lyophilized powder in a single-dose vial for reconstitution.

  • 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

    None.

  • 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

    5.1 Myelosuppression

    Fatal and serious myelosuppression occurs in Decitabine for Injection-treated patients. Myelosuppression (anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia) is the most frequent cause of Decitabine for Injection dose reduction, delay, and discontinuation. Neutropenia of any grade occurred in 90% of Decitabine for Injection-treated patients with grade 3 or 4 occurring in 87% of patients. Grade 3 or 4 febrile neutropenia occurred in 23% of patients. Thrombocytopenia of any grade occurred in 89% of patients with grade 3 or 4 occurring in 85% of patients. Anemia of any grade occurred in 82% of patients. Perform complete blood count with platelets at baseline, prior to each cycle, and as needed to monitor response and toxicity. Manage toxicity using dose-delay, dose-reduction, growth factors, and anti-infective therapies as needed [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2)] . Myelosuppression and worsening neutropenia may occur more frequently in the first or second treatment cycles and may not necessarily indicate progression of underlying MDS.

    5.2 Embryo-Fetal Toxicity

    Based on findings from human data, animal studies and its mechanism of action, Decitabine for Injection can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.1) and Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.1)] . In preclinical studies in mice and rats, decitabine caused adverse developmental outcomes including embryo-fetal lethality and malformations. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception while receiving Decitabine for Injection and for 6 months following the last dose. Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception while receiving treatment with Decitabine for Injection and for 3 months following the last dose [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1, 8.3)].

  • 6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

    The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling:

    • Myelosuppression [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1)]

    6.1 Clinical Trials Experience

    Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

    The safety of Decitabine for Injection was studied in 3 single-arm studies (N = 66, N = 98, N = 99) and 1 controlled supportive care study (N = 83 Decitabine for Injection, N = 81 supportive care). The data described below reflect exposure to Decitabine for Injection in 83 patients in the MDS trial. In the trial, patients received 15 mg/m 2intravenously every 8 hours for 3 days every 6 weeks. The median number of Decitabine for Injection cycles was 3 (range 0 to 9).

    Most Common Adverse Reactions:neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, fatigue, pyrexia, nausea, cough, petechiae, constipation, diarrhea, and hyperglycemia.

    Adverse Reactions Most Frequently (≥ 1%) Resulting in Clinical Intervention and or Dose Modification in the Controlled Supportive Care Study in the Decitabine for Injection Arm:

    • Discontinuation: thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, pneumonia, Mycobacterium avium complex infection, cardio-respiratory arrest, increased blood bilirubin, intracranial hemorrhage, abnormal liver function tests.
    • Dose Delayed: neutropenia, pulmonary edema, atrial fibrillation, central line infection, febrile neutropenia.
    • Dose Reduced: neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, lethargy, edema, tachycardia, depression, pharyngitis.

    Table 1presents all adverse reactions occurring in at least 5% of patients in the Decitabine for Injection group and at a rate greater than supportive care.

    Table 1: Adverse Reactions Reported in ≥ 5% of Patients in the Decitabine for Injection Group and at a Rate Greater than Supportive Care in the Controlled Trial in MDS

    Decitabine for Injection
    N = 83 (%)

    Supportive Care
    N = 81 (%)

    Blood and lymphatic system disorders

         Neutropenia

    75 (90)

    58 (72)

         Thrombocytopenia

    74 (89)

    64 (79)

         Anemia NOS

    68 (82)

    60 (74)

         Febrile neutropenia

    24 (29)

    5 (6)

         Leukopenia NOS

    23 (28)

    11 (14)

         Lymphadenopathy

    10 (12)

    6 (7)

         Thrombocythemia

    4 (5)

    1 (1)

    Cardiac disorders

         Pulmonary edema NOS

    5 (6)

    0 (0)

    Eye disorders

         Vision blurred

    5 (6)

    0 (0)

    Gastrointestinal disorders

         Nausea

    35 (42)

    13 (16)

         Constipation

    29 (35)

    11 (14)

         Diarrhea NOS

    28 (34)

    13 (16)

         Vomiting NOS

    21 (25)

    7 (9)

         Abdominal pain NOS

    12 (14)

    5 (6)

         Oral mucosal petechiae

    11 (13)

    4 (5)

         Stomatitis

    10 (12)

    5 (6)

         Dyspepsia

    10 (12)

    1 (1)

         Ascites

    8 (10)

    2 (2)

         Gingival bleeding

    7 (8)

    5 (6)

         Hemorrhoids

    7 (8)

    3 (4)

         Loose stools

    6 (7)

    3 (4)

         Tongue ulceration

    6 (7)

    2 (2)

         Dysphagia

    5 (6)

    2 (2)

         Oral soft tissue disorder NOS

    5 (6)

    1 (1)

         Lip ulceration

    4 (5)

    3 (4)

         Abdominal distension

    4 (5)

    1 (1)

         Abdominal pain upper

    4 (5)

    1 (1)

         Gastro-esophageal reflux disease

    4 (5)

    0 (0)

         Glossodynia

    4 (5)

    0 (0)

    General disorders and administrative site disorders

         Pyrexia

    44 (53)

    23 (28)

         Edema peripheral

    21 (25)

    13 (16)

         Rigors

    18 (22)

    14 (17)

         Edema NOS

    15 (18)

    5 (6)

         Pain NOS

    11 (13)

    5 (6)

         Lethargy

    10 (12)

    3 (4)

         Tenderness NOS

    9 (11)

    0 (0)

         Fall

    7 (8)

    3 (4)

         Chest discomfort

    6 (7)

    3 (4)

         Intermittent pyrexia

    5 (6)

    3 (4)

         Malaise

    4 (5)

    1 (1)

         Crepitations NOS

    4 (5)

    1 (1)

         Catheter site erythema

    4 (5)

    1 (1)

         Catheter site pain

    4 (5)

    0 (0)

         Injection site swelling

    4 (5)

    0 (0)

    Hepatobiliary disorders

         Hyperbilirubinemia

    12 (14)

    4 (5)

    Infections and infestations

         Pneumonia NOS

    18 (22)

    11 (14)

         Cellulitis

    10 (12)

    6 (7)

         Candidal infection NOS

    8 (10)

    1 (1)

         Catheter related infection

    7 (8)

    0 (0)

         Urinary tract infection NOS

    6 (7)

    1 (1)

         Staphylococcal infection

    6 (7)

    0 (0)

         Oral candidiasis

    5 (6)

    2 (2)

         Sinusitis NOS

    4 (5)

    2 (2)

         Bacteremia

    4 (5)

    0 (0)

    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications

         Transfusion reaction

    6 (7)

    3 (4)

         Abrasion NOS

    4 (5)

    1 (1)

    Investigations

         Cardiac murmur NOS

    13 (16)

    9 (11)

         Blood alkaline phosphatase NOS increased

    9 (11)

    7 (9)

         Aspartate aminotransferase increased

    8 (10)

    7 (9)

         Blood urea increased

    8 (10)

    1 (1)

         Blood lactate dehydrogenase increased

    7 (8)

    5 (6)

         Blood albumin decreased

    6 (7)

    0 (0)

         Blood bicarbonate increased

    5 (6)

    1 (1)

         Blood chloride decreased

    5 (6)

    1 (1)

         Protein total decreased

    4 (5)

    3 (4)

         Blood bicarbonate decreased

    4 (5)

    1 (1)

         Blood bilirubin decreased

    4 (5)

    1 (1)

    Metabolism and nutrition disorders

         Hyperglycemia NOS

    27 (33)

    16 (20)

         Hypoalbuminemia

    20 (24)

    14 (17)

         Hypomagnesemia

    20 (24)

    6 (7)

         Hypokalemia

    18 (22)

    10 (12)

         Hyponatremia

    16 (19)

    13 (16)

         Appetite decreased NOS

    13 (16)

    12 (15)

         Anorexia

    13 (16)

    8 (10)

         Hyperkalemia

    11 (13)

    3 (4)

         Dehydration

    5 (6)

    4 (5)

    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders

         Arthralgia

    17 (20)

    8 (10)

         Pain in limb

    16 (19)

    8 (10)

         Back pain

    14 (17)

    5 (6)

         Chest wall pain

    6 (7)

    1 (1)

         Musculoskeletal discomfort

    5 (6)

    0 (0)

         Myalgia

    4 (5)

    1 (1)

    Nervous system disorders

         Headache

    23 (28)

    11 (14)

         Dizziness

    15 (18)

    10 (12)

         Hypoesthesia

    9 (11)

    1 (1)

    Psychiatric disorders

         Insomnia

    23 (28)

    11 (14)

         Confusional state

    10 (12)

    3 (4)

         Anxiety

    9 (11)

    8 (10)

    Renal and urinary disorders

         Dysuria

    5 (6)

    3 (4)

         Urinary frequency

    4 (5)

    1 (1)

    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders

         Cough

    33 (40)

    25 (31)

         Pharyngitis

    13 (16)

    6 (7)

         Crackles lung

    12 (14)

    1 (1)

         Breath sounds decreased

    8 (10)

    7 (9)

         Hypoxia

    8 (10)

    4 (5)

         Rales

    7 (8)

    2 (2)

         Postnasal drip

    4 (5)

    2 (2)

    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders

         Ecchymosis

    18 (22)

    12 (15)

         Rash NOS

    16 (19)

    7 (9)

         Erythema

    12 (14)

    5 (6)

         Skin lesion NOS

    9 (11)

    3 (4)

         Pruritis

    9 (11)

    2 (2)

         Alopecia

    7 (8)

    1 (1)

         Urticaria NOS

    5 (6)

    1 (1)

         Swelling face

    5 (6)

    0 (0)

    Vascular disorders

         Petechiae

    32 (39)

    13 (16)

         Pallor

    19 (23)

    10 (12)

         Hypotension NOS

    5 (6)

    4 (5)

         Hematoma NOS

    4 (5)

    3 (4)

    In a single-arm MDS study (N=99), Decitabine for Injection was dosed at 20 mg/m 2intravenously, infused over one hour daily, for 5 consecutive days of a 4-week cycle. Table 2presents all adverse reactions occurring in at least 5% of patients.

    Table 2: Adverse Reactions Reported in ≥ 5% of Patients in a Single-arm Study*
    *In this single arm study, investigators reported adverse events based on clinical signs and symptoms rather than predefined laboratory abnormalities. Thus, not all laboratory abnormalities were recorded as adverse events.

    Decitabine for Injection N = 99 (%)

    Blood and lymphatic system disorders

         Anemia

    31 (31)

         Febrile neutropenia

    20 (20)

         Leukopenia

    6 (6)

         Neutropenia

    38 (38)

         Pancytopenia

    5 (5)

         Thrombocythemia

    5 (5)

         Thrombocytopenia

    27 (27)

    Cardiac disorders

         Cardiac failure congestive

    5 (5)

         Tachycardia

    8 (8)

    Ear and labyrinth disorders

         Ear pain

    6 (6)

    Gastrointestinal disorders

         Abdominal pain

    14 (14)

         Abdominal pain upper

    6 (6)

         Constipation

    30 (30)

         Diarrhea

    28 (28)

         Dyspepsia

    10 (10)

         Dysphagia

    5 (5)

         Gastro-esophageal reflux disease

    5 (5)

         Nausea

    40 (40)

         Oral pain

    5 (5)

         Stomatitis

    11 (11)

         Toothache

    6 (6)

         Vomiting

    16 (16)

    General disorders and administration site conditions

         Asthenia

    15 (15)

         Chest pain

    6 (6)

         Chills

    16 (16)

         Fatigue

    46 (46)

         Mucosal inflammation

    9 (9)

         Edema

    5 (5)

         Edema peripheral

    27 (27)

         Pain

    5 (5)

         Pyrexia

    36 (36)

    Infections and infestations

         Cellulitis

    9 (9)

         Oral candidiasis

    6 (6)

         Pneumonia

    20 (20)

         Sinusitis

    6 (6)

         Staphylococcal bacteremia

    8 (8)

         Tooth abscess

    5 (5)

         Upper respiratory tract infection

    10 (10)

         Urinary tract infection

    7 (7)

    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications

         Contusion

    9 (9)

    Investigations

         Blood bilirubin increased

    6 (6)

         Breath sounds abnormal

    5 (5)

         Weight decreased

    9 (9)

    Metabolism and nutrition disorders

         Anorexia

    23 (23)

         Decreased appetite

    8 (8)

         Dehydration

    8 (8)

         Hyperglycemia

    6 (6)

         Hypokalemia

    12 (12)

         Hypomagnesemia

    5 (5)

    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders

         Arthralgia

    17 (17)

         Back pain

    18 (18)

         Bone pain

    6 (6)

         Muscle spasms

    7 (7)

         Muscular weakness

    5 (5)

         Musculoskeletal pain

    5 (5)

         Myalgia

    9 (9)

         Pain in extremity

    18 (18)

    Nervous system disorders

         Dizziness

    21 (21)

         Headache

    23 (23)

    Psychiatric disorders

         Anxiety

    9 (9)

         Confusional state

    8 (8)

         Depression

    9 (9)

         Insomnia

    14 (14)

    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders

         Cough

    27 (27)

         Dyspnea

    29 (29)

         Epistaxis

    13 (13)

         Pharyngolaryngeal pain

    8 (8)

         Pleural effusion

    5 (5)

         Sinus congestion

    5 (5)

    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders

         Dry skin

    8 (8)

         Ecchymosis

    9 (9)

         Erythema

    5 (5)

         Night sweats

    5 (5)

         Petechiae

    12 (12)

         Pruritus

    9 (9)

         Rash

    11 (11)

         Skin lesion

    5 (5)

    Vascular disorders

         Hypertension

    6 (6)

         Hypotension

    11 (11)

    No overall difference in safety was detected between patients > 65 years of age and younger patients in these MDS trials. No significant differences in safety were detected between males and females. Patients with renal or hepatic dysfunction were not studied. Insufficient numbers of non-White patients were available to draw conclusions in these clinical trials.

    Serious adverse reactions that occurred in patients receiving Decitabine for Injection not previously reported in Tables 1and 2include:

    • Allergic Reaction: hypersensitivity (anaphylactic reaction)
    • Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders: myelosuppression, splenomegaly
    • Cardiac Disorders: myocardial infarction, cardio-respiratory arrest, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia
    • Gastrointestinal Disorders: gingival pain, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage
    • General Disorders and Administrative Site Conditions: chest pain, catheter site hemorrhage
    • Hepatobiliary Disorders: cholecystitis
    • Infections and Infestations: fungal infection, sepsis, bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, peridiverticular abscess, respiratory tract infection, pseudomonal lung infection, Mycobacterium avium complex infection
    • Injury, Poisoning and Procedural Complications: post procedural pain, post procedural hemorrhage
    • Nervous System Disorders: intracranial hemorrhage
    • Psychiatric Disorders: mental status changes
    • Renal and Urinary Disorders: renal failure, urethral hemorrhage
    • Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders: hemoptysis, lung infiltration, pulmonary embolism, respiratory arrest, pulmonary mass

    6.2 Postmarketing Experience

    The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of Decitabine for Injection. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

    • Sweet's syndrome (acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis)
    • Differentiation syndrome
    • Interstitial lung disease
  • 7 DRUG INTERACTIONS

    Drug interaction studies with decitabine have not been conducted. In vitrostudies in human liver microsomes suggest that decitabine is unlikely to inhibit or induce cytochrome P450 enzymes. In vitrometabolism studies have suggested that decitabine is not a substrate for human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. As plasma protein binding of decitabine is negligible (<1%), interactions due to displacement of more highly protein bound drugs from plasma proteins are not expected.

  • 8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

    8.1 Pregnancy

    Risk Summary

    Based on findings from human data, animal studies, and the mechanism of action, Decitabine for Injection can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.1) and Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.1)] . Limited published data on Decitabine for Injection use throughout the first trimester during pregnancy describe adverse developmental outcomes including major birth defects (structural abnormalities). In animal reproduction studies, administration of decitabine to pregnant mice and rats during organogenesis caused adverse developmental outcomes including malformations and embryo-fetal lethality starting at doses approximately 7% of the recommended human dose on a mg/m 2basis (see Data) . Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.

    The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in the U.S. general population is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20% of clinically recognized pregnancies, respectively.

    Data

    Human Data

    A single published case report of decitabine pregnancy exposure in a 39-year old woman with a hematologic malignancy described multiple structural abnormalities after 6 cycles of therapy in the 18 thweek of gestation. These abnormalities included holoprosencephaly, absence of nasal bone, mid-facial deformity, cleft lip and palate, polydactyly and rocker-bottom feet. The pregnancy was terminated.

    Animal Data

    In uteroexposure to decitabine causes temporal related defects in the rat and/or mouse, which include growth suppression, exencephaly, defective skull bones, rib/sternabrae defects, phocomelia, digit defects, micrognathia, gastroschisis, micromelia. Decitabine inhibits proliferation and increases apoptosis of neural progenitor cells of the fetal CNS and induces palatal clefting in the developing murine fetus. Studies in mice have also shown that decitabine administration during osteoblastogenesis (day 10 of gestation) induces bone loss in offspring.

    In mice exposed to single IP (intraperitoneal) injections (0, 0.9 and 3 mg/m 2, approximately 2% and 7% of the recommended daily clinical dose, respectively) over gestation days 8, 9, 10 or 11, no maternal toxicity was observed but reduced fetal survival was observed after treatment at 3 mg/m 2and decreased fetal weight was observed at both dose levels. The 3 mg/m 2dose elicited characteristic fetal defects for each treatment day, including supernumerary ribs (both dose levels), fused vertebrae and ribs, cleft palate, vertebral defects, hind-limb defects and digital defects of fore- and hind-limbs.

    In rats given a single IP injection of 2.4, 3.6 or 6 mg/m 2(approximately 5%, 8%, or 13% the daily recommended clinical dose, respectively) on gestation days 9 to 12, no maternal toxicity was observed. No live fetuses were seen at any dose when decitabine was injected on gestation day 9. A significant decrease in fetal survival and reduced fetal weight at doses greater than 3.6 mg/m 2was seen when decitabine was given on gestation day 10. Increased incidences of vertebral and rib anomalies were seen at all dose levels, and induction of exophthalmia, exencephaly, and cleft palate were observed at 6 mg/m 2. Increased incidence of foredigit defects was seen in fetuses at doses greater than 3.6 mg/m 2. Reduced size and ossification of long bones of the fore-limb and hind-limb were noted at 6 mg/m 2.

    The effect of decitabine on postnatal development and reproductive capacity was evaluated in mice administered a single 3 mg/m 2IP injection (approximately 7% the recommended daily clinical dose) on day 10 of gestation. Body weights of males and females exposed in uteroto decitabine were significantly reduced relative to controls at all postnatal time points. No consistent effect on fertility was seen when female mice exposed in uterowere mated to untreated males. Untreated females mated to males exposed in uteroshowed decreased fertility at 3 and 5 months of age (36% and 0% pregnancy rate, respectively). Follow up studies indicated that treatment of pregnant mice with decitabine on gestation day 10 was associated with a reduced pregnancy rate resulting from effects on sperm production in the F1-generation.

    8.2 Lactation

    Risk Summary

    There are no data on the presence of decitabine or its metabolites in human milk, the effects on the breastfed child, or the effects on milk production. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions from Decitabine for Injection in a breastfed child, advise women not to breastfeed while receiving Decitabine for Injection and for at least 2 weeks after the last dose.

    8.3 Females and Males of Reproductive Potential

    Pregnancy Testing

    Conduct pregnancy testing of females of reproductive potential prior to initiating Decitabine for Injection.

    Contraception

    Females

    Decitabine for Injection can cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1)]. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception while receiving Decitabine for Injection and for 6 months following the last dose.

    Males

    Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception while receiving treatment with Decitabine for Injection and for 3 months following the last dose [see Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.1)].

    Infertility

    Based on findings of decitabine in animals, male fertility may be compromised by treatment with Decitabine for Injection. The reversibility of the effect on fertility is unknown [see Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.1)] .

    8.4 Pediatric Use

    The safety and effectiveness of Decitabine for Injection in pediatric patients have not been established.

    8.5 Geriatric Use

    Of the total number of patients exposed to Decitabine for Injection in the controlled clinical trial, 61 of 83 patients were age 65 years and over, while 21 of 83 patients were age 75 years and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.

  • 10 OVERDOSAGE

    There is no known antidote for overdosage with Decitabine for Injection. Higher doses are associated with increased myelosuppression including prolonged neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Standard supportive measures should be taken in the event of an overdose.

  • 11 DESCRIPTION

    Decitabine is a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor. Decitabine is a fine, white to almost white powder with the molecular formula of C 8H 12N 4O 4and a molecular weight of 228.21. Its chemical name is 4-amino-1-(2-deoxy-β-D-erythropentofuranosyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2(1 H)-one and it has the following structural formula:

    Structural Formula

    Decitabine is slightly soluble in ethanol/water (50/50), methanol/water (50/50) and methanol; sparingly soluble in water and soluble in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO).

    Decitabine for Injection, for intravenous use, is a sterile, white to almost white lyophilized powder supplied in a clear colorless glass single-dose vial. Each 20 mL vial contains 50 mg decitabine, 68 mg monobasic potassium phosphate (potassium dihydrogen phosphate) and 11.6 mg sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid are used for pH adjustment.

  • 12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

    12.1 Mechanism of Action

    Decitabine is believed to exert its antineoplastic effects after phosphorylation and direct incorporation into DNA and inhibition of DNA methyltransferase, causing hypomethylation of DNA and cellular differentiation or apoptosis. Decitabine inhibits DNA methylation in vitro,which is achieved at concentrations that do not cause major suppression of DNA synthesis. Decitabine-induced hypomethylation in neoplastic cells may restore normal function to genes that are critical for the control of cellular differentiation and proliferation. In rapidly dividing cells, the cytotoxicity of decitabine may also be attributed to the formation of covalent adducts between DNA methyltransferase and decitabine incorporated into DNA. Non-proliferating cells are relatively insensitive to decitabine.

    12.2 Pharmacodynamics

    Decitabine has been shown to induce hypomethylation both in vitroand in vivo. However, there have been no studies of decitabine-induced hypomethylation and pharmacokinetic parameters.

    12.3 Pharmacokinetics

    Pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were evaluated in patients. Eleven patients received 20 mg/m 2infused over 1 hour intravenously (treatment Option 2). Fourteen patients received 15 mg/m 2infused over 3 hours intravenously (treatment Option 1). PK parameters are shown in Table 3. Plasma concentration-time profiles after discontinuation of infusion showed a biexponential decline. The clearance (CL) of decitabine was higher following treatment Option 2. Upon repeat doses, there was no systemic accumulation of decitabine or any changes in PK parameters. Population PK analysis (N=35) showed that the cumulative AUC per cycle for treatment Option 2 was 2.3-fold lower than the cumulative AUC per cycle following treatment Option 1.

    Table 3: Mean (CV% or 95% CI) Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Decitabine
    *N=14, †N=11, ‡N=35 Cumulative AUC per cycle

    Dose

    C max(ng/mL)

    AUC 0-INF
    (ng·h/mL)

    T 1/2
    (h)

    CL
    (L/h/m 2)

    AUC Cumulative‡(ng·h/mL)

    15 mg/m 23-hr infusion every 8 hours for 3 days
    (Option 1)*

    73.8
    (66)

    163
    (62)

    0.62
    (49)

    125
    (53)

    1332
    (1010 to 1730)

    20 mg/m 21-hr infusion daily for 5 days
    (Option 2) †

    147
    (49)

    115
    (43)

    0.54
    (43)

    210
    (47)

    570
    (470 to 700)

    The exact route of elimination and metabolic fate of decitabine is not known in humans. One of the pathways of elimination of decitabine appears to be deamination by cytidine deaminase found principally in the liver but also in granulocytes, intestinal epithelium and whole blood.

    Specific Populations

    Patients with Renal Impairment

    There are no data on the use of decitabine in patients with renal impairment.

    Patients with Hepatic Impairment

    There are no data on the use of decitabine in patients with hepatic impairment.

  • 13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY

    13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis and Impairment of Fertility

    Carcinogenicity studies with decitabine have not been conducted.

    The mutagenic potential of decitabine was tested in several in vitroand in vivosystems. Decitabine increased mutation frequency in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells, and mutations were produced in an Escherichia coli lac-Itransgene in colonic DNA of decitabine-treated mice. Decitabine caused chromosomal rearrangements in larvae of fruit flies.

    In male mice given IP injections of 0.15, 0.3 or 0.45 mg/m 2decitabine (approximately 0.3% to 1% the recommended clinical dose) 3 times a week for 7 weeks, decitabine did not affect survival, body weight gain or hematological measures (hemoglobin and white blood cell counts). Testes weights were reduced, abnormal histology was observed and significant decreases in sperm number were found at doses ≥ 0.3 mg/m 2. In females mated to males dosed with ≥ 0.3 mg/m 2decitabine, pregnancy rate was reduced and preimplantation loss was significantly increased.

  • 14 CLINICAL STUDIES

    14.1 Controlled Trial in Myelodysplastic Syndrome

    A randomized open-label, multicenter, controlled trial evaluated 170 adult patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) meeting French-American-British (FAB) classification criteria and International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) High-Risk, Intermediate-2 and Intermediate-1 prognostic scores. Eighty-nine patients were randomized to Decitabine for Injection therapy plus supportive care (only 83 received Decitabine for Injection), and 81 to Supportive Care (SC) alone. Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) were not intended to be included. Of the 170 patients included in the study, independent review (adjudicated diagnosis) found that 12 patients (9 in the Decitabine for Injection arm and 3 in the SC arm) had the diagnosis of AML at baseline. Baseline demographics and other patient characteristics in the Intent-to-Treat (ITT) population were similar between the 2 groups, as shown in Table 4.

    Table 4: Baseline Demographics and Other Patient Characteristics (ITT)

    Demographic or Other Patient Characteristic

    Decitabine for Injection
    N=89

    Supportive Care
    N=81

    Age (years)

         Mean (±SD)

    69±10

    67±10

         Median (IQR)

    70 (65 to 76)

    70 (62 to 74)

          (Range: min-max)

    (31 to 85)

    (30 to 82)

    Sex n (%)

         Male

    59 (66)

    57 (70)

         Female

    30 (34)

    24 (30)

    Race n (%)

         White

    83 (93)

    76 (94)

         Black

    4 (4)

    2 (2)

         Other

    2 (2)

    3 (4)

    Weeks Since MDS Diagnosis

         Mean (±SD)

    86±131

    77±119

         Median (IQR)

    29 (10 to 87)

    35 (7 to 98)

          (Range: min-max)

    (2 to 667)

    (2 to 865)

    Previous MDS Therapy n (%)

         Yes

    27 (30)

    19 (23)

         No

    62 (70)

    62 (77)

    RBC Transfusion Status n (%)

         Independent

    23 (26)

    27 (33)

         Dependent

    66 (74)

    54 (67)

    Platelet Transfusion Status n (%)

         Independent

    69 (78)

    62 (77)

         Dependent

    20 (22)

    19 (23)

    IPSS Classification n (%)

         Intermediate-1

    28 (31)

    24 (30)

         Intermediate-2

    38 (43)

    36 (44)

         High Risk

    23 (26)

    21 (26)

    FAB Classification n (%)

         RA

    12 (13)

    12 (15)

         RARS

    7 (8)

    4 (5)

         RAEB

    47 (53)

    43 (53)

         RAEB-t

    17 (19)

    14 (17)

         CMML

    6 (7)

    8 (10)

    Patients randomized to the Decitabine for Injection arm received Decitabine for Injection intravenously infused at a dose of 15 mg/m 2over a 3-hour period, every 8 hours, for 3 consecutive days. This cycle was repeated every 6 weeks, depending on the patient's clinical response and toxicity. Supportive care consisted of blood and blood product transfusions, prophylactic antibiotics, and hematopoietic growth factors. The study endpoints were overall response rate (complete response + partial response) and time to AML or death. Responses were classified using the MDS International Working Group (IWG) criteria; patients were required to be RBC and platelet transfusion independent during the time of response. Response criteria are given in Table 5.

    Table 5: Response Criteria for the Controlled Trial in MDS*
    *Cheson BD, Bennett JM, et al. Report of an International Working Group to Standardize Response Criteria for MDS. Blood.2000; 96:3671 to 3674.

    Complete Response (CR)
    ≥ 8 weeks

    Bone Marrow

    On repeat aspirates:

    • < 5% myeloblasts
    • No dysplastic changes

    Peripheral Blood

    In all samples during response:

    • Hgb > 11 g/dL (no transfusions or erythropoietin)
    • ANC ≥ 1500/mcL (no growth factor)
    • Platelets ≥ 100,000/mcL (no thrombopoietic agent)
    • No blasts and no dysplasia

    Partial Response
    (PR)
    ≥ 8 weeks

    Bone Marrow

    On repeat aspirates:

    • ≥ 50% decrease in blasts over pretreatment values OR
    • Improvement to a less advanced MDS FAB classification

    Peripheral Blood

    Same as for CR

    The overall response rate (CR+PR) in the ITT population was 17% in Decitabine for Injection-treated patients and 0% in the SC group (p<0.001) (see Table 6). The overall response rate was 21% (12/56) in Decitabine for Injection-treated patients considered evaluable for response (i.e., those patients with pathologically confirmed MDS at baseline who received at least 2 cycles of treatment). The median duration of response (range) for patients who responded to Decitabine for Injection was 288 days (116 to 388) and median time to response (range) was 93 days (55 to 272). All but one of the Decitabine for Injection-treated patients who responded did so by the fourth cycle. Benefit was seen in an additional 13% of Decitabine for Injection-treated patients who had hematologic improvement, defined as a response less than PR lasting at least 8 weeks, compared to 7% of SC patients. Decitabine for Injection treatment did not significantly delay the median time to AML or death versus supportive care.

    Table 6: Analysis of Response (ITT)
    *p-value <0.001 from two-sided Fisher's Exact Test comparing Decitabine for Injection vs. Supportive Care.
    †In the statistical analysis plan, a p-value of ≤ 0.024 was required to achieve statistical significance.

    Parameter

    Decitabine for Injection
    N=89

    Supportive Care
    N=81

    Overall Response Rate (CR+PR) †

    15 (17%)*

    0 (0%)

         Complete Response (CR)

    8 (9%)

    0 (0%)

         Partial Response (PR)

    7 (8%)

    0 (0%)

    Duration of Response


    93 (55 to 272)


    NA

         Median time to (CR+PR) response - Days (range)

         Median Duration of (CR+PR) response - Days (range)

    288 (116 to 388)

    NA

    All patients with a CR or PR were RBC and platelet transfusion independent in the absence of growth factors.

    Responses occurred in patients with an adjudicated baseline diagnosis of AML.

    14.2 Single-arm Studies in Myelodysplastic Syndrome

    Three open-label, single-arm, multicenter studies were conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Decitabine for Injection in MDS patients with any of the FAB subtypes. In one study conducted in North America, 99 patients with IPSS Intermediate-1, Intermediate-2, or high-risk prognostic scores received Decitabine for Injection 20 mg/m 2as an intravenous infusion over 1-hour daily, on days 1 to 5 of week 1, every 4 weeks (1 cycle). The results were consistent with the results of the controlled trial and are summarized in Table 8.

    Table 7: Baseline Demographics and Other Patient Characteristics (ITT)

    Demographic or Other Patient Characteristic

    Decitabine for Injection
    N = 99

    Age(years)
    Mean(±SD)
    Median (Range: min-max)


    71±9
    72 (34 to 87)

    Sex n(%)
    Male
    Female


    71 (72)
    28 (28)

    Race n (%)

    White

    86 (87)

    Black

    6 (6)

    Asian

    4 (4)

    Other

    3 (3)

    Days From MDS Diagnosis to First Dose
    Mean (±SD)
    Median (Range: min-max)


    444±626
    154 (7 to 3079)

    Previous MDS Therapy n (%)
    Yes
    No


    27 (27)
    72 (73)

    RBC Transfusion Status n (%)
    Independent
    Dependent


    33 (33)
    66 (67)

    Platelet Transfusion Status n (%)
    Independent
    Dependent


    84 (85)
    15 (15)

    IPSS Classification n (%)

    Low Risk

    1 (1)

    Intermediate–1

    52 (53)

    Intermediate–2

    23 (23)

    High Risk

    23 (23)

    FAB Classification n (%)
    RA
    RARS
    RAEB
    RAEB-t
    CMML


    20 (20)
    17 (17)
    45 (45)
    6 (6)
    11 (11)

    Table 8: Analysis of Response (ITT)*
    *Cheson BD, Bennett JM, et al. Report of an International Working Group to Standardize Response Criteria for MDS. Blood. 2000; 96:3671 to 3674.
    †indicates censored observation

    Parameter

    Decitabine for Injection
    N=99

    Overall Response Rate (CR+PR)

    16 (16%)

         Complete Response (CR)

    15 (15%)

         Partial Response (PR)

    1 (1%)

    Duration of Response


    162 (50 to 267)

         Median time to (CR+PR) response - Days (range)

         Median Duration of (CR+PR) response - Days (range)

    443 (72 to 722 †)

  • 15 REFERENCES

    1. OSHA Hazardous Drugs. OSHA. https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/hazardousdrugs/index.html
  • 16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING

    Decitabine for Injection is a sterile, white to almost white lyophilized powder for intravenous use, supplied as follows:

    NDC

    Decitabine for Injection

    Package Factor

    68001-618-37

    50 mg Single-Dose Vial

    1 vial per carton

    Storage Conditions

    Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted between 15° and 30°C (59° and 86°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]

    Discard unused portion.

    Sterile, Nonpyrogenic, Preservative-free.
    The container closure is not made with natural rubber latex.

  • 17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION

    Myelosuppression

    Advise patients of the risk of myelosuppression and to report any symptoms of infection, anemia, or bleeding to their healthcare provider as soon as possible. Advise patients for the need for laboratory monitoring [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1)].

    Embryo-Fetal Toxicity

    Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to inform their healthcare provider of a known or suspected pregnancy [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2) and Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1)].

    Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception while receiving Decitabine for Injection and for 6 months after last dose [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.3)].

    Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception while receiving treatment with Decitabine for Injection and for 3 months after the last dose [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.3) and Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.1)].

    Lactation

    Advise women to avoid breastfeeding while receiving Decitabine for Injection and for at least 2 weeks after the last dose [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.2)].


    Mfd. By:

    Qilu Pharmaceutical (Hainan) Co. Ltd.

    Hainan, China

    For BluePoint Laboratories

    Rev: 03/2024

  • PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL

    PACKAGE LABEL – PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL – Vial Label

    NDC: 68001-618-37

    Rx only

    Decitabine for Injection

    50 mg per vial

    FOR INTRAVENOUS INFUSION ONLY

    Single-Dose Sterile Vial

    Discard unused portion

    Vial label
  • PACKAGE LABEL – PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL – Carton

    NDC: 68001-618-37

    Rx only

    Decitabine for Injection

    50 mg per vial

    FOR INTRAVENOUS INFUSION ONLY

    Single-Dose Sterile Vial

    Discard unused portion

    Carton
  • INGREDIENTS AND APPEARANCE
    DECITABINE 
    decitabine injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution
    Product Information
    Product TypeHUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUGItem Code (Source)NDC: 68001-618
    Route of AdministrationINTRAVENOUS
    Active Ingredient/Active Moiety
    Ingredient NameBasis of StrengthStrength
    DECITABINE (UNII: 776B62CQ27) (DECITABINE - UNII:776B62CQ27) DECITABINE50 mg  in 20 mL
    Inactive Ingredients
    Ingredient NameStrength
    POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC (UNII: 4J9FJ0HL51)  
    SODIUM HYDROXIDE (UNII: 55X04QC32I)  
    HYDROCHLORIC ACID (UNII: QTT17582CB)  
    Packaging
    #Item CodePackage DescriptionMarketing Start DateMarketing End Date
    1NDC: 68001-618-371 in 1 CARTON05/03/2024
    120 mL in 1 VIAL; Type 0: Not a Combination Product
    Marketing Information
    Marketing CategoryApplication Number or Monograph CitationMarketing Start DateMarketing End Date
    ANDAANDA21282605/03/2024
    Labeler - BluePoint Laboratories (985523874)
    Establishment
    NameAddressID/FEIBusiness Operations
    Qilu Pharmaceutical (Hainan) Co. Ltd529131725manufacture(68001-618) , pack(68001-618) , analysis(68001-618)
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