Sodium Chloride

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451722 /Issued: November 2021

Maxivial^®

Rx only

23.4% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP

400 mEq (4 mEq/mL)

Additive Solution

Plastic Fliptop Vials

Concentrated Solution - For use only after dilution with compatible intravenous fluids to correct sodium deficiency when oral replacement is not feasible.

23.4% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP Additive Solution is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, concentrated solution for intravenous administration ONLY AFTER DILUTION to replenish electrolytes. The preparations contain 23.4 g of sodium chloride (400 mEq each of Na+ and Cl^-) in Water for Injection, USP.

The solution contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer. The additive may contain sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid for pH adjustment. The pH is 5.0 (4.5 to 7.0). The specific gravity is 1.15, and the osmolarity is 8008 mOsmol/L (calc).

Sodium Chloride, USP is chemically designated NaCl, a white crystalline compound freely soluble in water. The molecular weight is 58.44 g/mol.

The Pharmacy Bulk Package is a sterile dosage form which contains multiple single doses for preparation of admixtures for intravenous infusion (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

Sodium chloride in water dissociates to provide sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl^-) ions. These ions are normal constituents of the body fluids (principally extracellular) and are essential for maintaining electrolyte balance.

Sodium is the principal cation of extracellular fluid. It comprises more than 90% of the total cations at its normal plasma concentration of approximately 142 mEq/L. While the sodium ion can diffuse across cell membranes, the intracellular sodium is maintained at a much lower concentration than extracellular sodium through the expenditure of energy by the cell (so called “sodium cation pump”). Loss of intracellular potassium ion is usually accompanied by an increase in intracellular sodium ion. Sodium is the principal ion that determines osmotic pressure of interstitial fluids and the degree of tissue hydration.

When serum sodium concentration is low, the secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) by the pituitary is inhibited, thereby preventing water reabsorption by the distal renal tubules. On the other hand, adrenal secretion of aldosterone increases renal tubular reabsorption of sodium in an effort to re-establish normal serum sodium concentration.

Chloride (Cl^-) has an integral role in buffering action when oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs in the red blood cells.

The distribution and excretion of sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl^-) are largely under the control of the kidney which maintains a balance between intake and output.

23.4% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is indicated for use as an electrolyte replenisher in parenteral fluid therapy. It serves as an additive for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and as an additive for carbohydrate containing I.V. fluids.

23.4% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP Additive Solution is contraindicated in patients with hypernatremia or fluid retention.

23.4% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is hypertonic and must be diluted prior to administration. Inadvertent direct injection or absorption of concentrated sodium chloride solution may give rise to sudden hypernatremia and such complications as cardiovascular shock, central nervous system disorders, specifically osmotic demyelination syndrome, extensive hemolysis, cortical necrosis of the kidneys and severe local tissue necrosis (if administered extravascularly).

Solutions containing sodium ions should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency and in clinical states in which there exists edema with sodium retention.

In patients with diminished renal function, administration of solutions containing sodium may result in sodium retention. The intravenous administration of this solution (after appropriate dilution) can cause fluid and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of other serum electrolyte concentrations, overhydration, congested states or pulmonary edema.

Excessive administration of potassium-free solutions may result in significant hypokalemia.

WARNING: This product contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain aluminum. Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney function, including premature neonates, who receive parenteral levels of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration.

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC at 1-800-551-7176 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.

Sodium overload can occur with intravenous infusion of excessive amounts of sodium containing solutions. See WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS.

Excessive administration of 23.4% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP may result in electrolyte imbalance with water retention, edema, loss of potassium and aggravation of an existing acidosis. See WARNINGS.

23.4% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP Additive Solution is administered intravenously only after addition to a larger volume of fluid.

The dose, dilution and rate of injection are dependent upon the individual needs of each patient. In solutions for total parenteral nutrition (TPN), 120 mEq of sodium/day (range: 75-180 mEq/day) is the recommended adult dosage, whereas the recommended dosage is 3-4 mEq/kg/day for preterm infants.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Discard unused portion.

Additives may be incompatible with the fluid dispensed from this container. Consult with pharmacist, if available. When admixing, use aseptic technique, mix thoroughly and do not store.

23.4% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP (4 mEq/mL) is supplied as follows:

Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].

Preservative Free.

The container closure is not made with natural rubber latex.

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Lake Zurich, IL 60047 www.fresenius-kabi.com/us

451722 /Issued: November 2021

PACKAGE LABEL - PRINCIPAL DISPLAY – 23.4% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP Vial Label

NDC 63323-095-02       918961

23.4%

SODIUM CHLORIDE

INJECTION, USP

400 mEq/100 mL

(4 mEq/mL)

CONCENTRATE

CAUTION: MUST BE DILUTED FOR INTRAVENOUS USE*

PHARMACY BULK PACKAGE-

Not for Direct Infusion

Rx only

PACKAGE LABEL - PRINCIPAL DISPLAY – 23.4% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP Tray Label

NDC 63323-095-61       918961

23.4%

SODIUM CHLORIDE

INJECTION, USP

400 mEq/100 mL

(4 mEq/mL)

CONCENTRATE

CAUTION: MUST BE DILUTED FOR INTRAVENOUS USE*

PHARMACY BULK PACKAGE-

Not for Direct Infusion

Rx only

20 x 100 mL Vials