Maxitrol

MAXITROL^® (neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) is a multiple dose anti-infective steroid combination in sterile suspension form for topical application. The chemical structure for the active ingredient, dexamethasone, is:

The chemical structure for the active ingredient, dexamethasone

C₂₂H₂₉FO₅

Established name: dexamethasone

Chemical name: pregna-1, 4-diene-3, 20-dione, 9-fluoro-11,17, 21-trihydroxy-16-methyl-, (11β, 16α)-.

The other active ingredients are neomycin sulfate and polymyxin B sulfate. The structural formula for neomycin sulfate is:

The structural formula for neomycin sulfate

Neomycin B (R₁=H, R₂=CH₂NH₂)

Neomycin C (R₁=CH₂NH₂, R₂=H)

The structural formula for polymyxin B sulfate is:

The structural formula for polymyxin B sulfate

Each mL of MAXITROL^® (neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) contains: Actives: neomycin sulfate equivalent to neomycin 3.5 mg, polymyxin B sulfate 10,000 units, dexamethasone 0.1%. Inactives: benzalkonium chloride 0.004% (preservative), hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide (to adjust pH), hypromellose 2910 0.5%, polysorbate 20, purified water, sodium chloride.

Corticosteroids suppress the inflammatory response to a variety of agents and they probably delay or slow healing. Since corticosteroids may inhibit the body's defense mechanism against infection, a concomitant antimicrobial drug may be used when this inhibition is considered to be clinically significant in a particular case.

When a decision to administer both a corticosteroid and an antimicrobial is made, the administration of such drugs in combination has the advantage of greater patient compliance and convenience, with the added assurance that the appropriate dosage of both drugs is administered, plus assured compatibility of ingredients when both types of drugs are in the same formulation and, particularly, that the correct volume of drug is delivered and retained.

The relative potency of corticosteroids depends on the molecular structure, concentration and release from the vehicle.

For steroid-responsive inflammatory ocular conditions for which a corticosteroid is indicated and where bacterial infection or a risk of bacterial infection exists.

Ocular corticosteroids are indicated in inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea, and anterior segment of the globe where the inherent risk of corticosteroids use in certain infective conjunctivitides is accepted to obtain a diminution in edema and inflammation. They are also indicated in chronic anterior uveitis and corneal injury from chemical, radiation or thermal burns; or penetration of foreign bodies.

The use of a combination drug with an anti-infective component is indicated where the risk of infection is high or where there is an expectation that potentially dangerous numbers of bacteria will be present in the eye.

The particular anti-infective drug in this product is active against the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus   influenzae , Klebsiella /Enterobacter species, Neisseria species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

This product does not provide adequate coverage against: Serratia   marces c ens  and streptococci, including Streptococcus pneumoniae.

MAXITROL^® (neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) is contraindicated in most viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva, including epithelial herpes simplex keratitis (dendritic keratitis), vaccinia, varicella, and also in mycobacterial infection of the eye and fungal diseases of ocular structures. MAXITROL is also contraindicated in individuals with known or suspected hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of this preparation and to other corticosteroids.

NOT FOR INJECTION. Use of ocular steroids may prolong the course and may exacerbate the severity of many viral infections of the eye (including herpes simplex). Employment of a corticosteroid medication in the treatment of patients with a history of herpes simplex requires great caution; frequent slit lamp microscopy is recommended.

Prolonged use of corticosteroids may result in glaucoma with damage to the optic nerve, defects in visual acuity and fields of vision, and in posterior subcapsular cataract formation. Prolonged use may also suppress the host immune response and thus increase the hazard of secondary ocular infections. Acute purulent or parasitic infections of the eye may be masked or activity enhanced by the presence of corticosteroid medication.

Various ocular diseases and long-term use of topical corticosteroids have been known to cause corneal and scleral thinning. Use of topical corticosteroids in the presence of thin corneal or scleral tissue may lead to perforation.

If this product is used for 10 days or longer, intraocular pressure (IOP) should be routinely monitored even though it may be difficult in children and uncooperative patients. Steroids should be used with caution in the presence of glaucoma. IOP should be checked frequently.

The use of steroids after cataract surgery may delay healing and increase the incidence of bleb formation.

MAXITROL^® (neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) is not for injection. It should never be injected subconjunctivally, nor should it be directly introduced into the anterior chamber of the eye.

Products containing neomycin sulfate may cause cutaneous sensitization. Sensitivity to topically administered aminoglycosides, such as neomycin, may occur in some patients. Severity of hypersensitivity reactions may vary from local effects to generalized reactions such as erythema, itching, urticaria, skin rash, anaphylaxis, anaphylactoid reactions, or bullous reactions. If hypersensitivity develops during use of the product, treatment should be discontinued. Cross-hypersensitivity to other aminoglycosides can occur, and the possibility that patients who become sensitized to topical neomycin may also be sensitive to other topical and/or systemic aminoglycosides should be considered.

Adverse reactions have occurred with corticosteroid/anti-infective combination drugs which can be attributed to the corticosteroid component, the anti-infective component, or the combination. Exact incidence figures are not available since no denominator of treated patients is available.

Reactions occurring most often from the presence of the anti-infective ingredient are allergic sensitizations. The reactions due to the corticosteroid component are: elevation of IOP with possible development of glaucoma, and infrequent optic nerve damage; posterior subcapsular cataract formation; and delayed wound healing. Corticosteroid-containing preparations have also been reported to cause perforation of the globe. Keratitis, conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, and conjunctival hyperemia have occasionally been reported following use of steroids.

Additional adverse reactions identified from post marketing use include ulcerative keratitis, headache, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

The following additional adverse reactions have been reported with dexamethasone use:

Cushing’s syndrome and adrenal suppression may occur after use of dexamethasone in excess of the listed dosing instructions in predisposed patients, including children and patients treated with CYP3A4 inhibitors.

One to two drops in the conjunctival sac(s). In severe disease, drops may be used hourly, being tapered to discontinuation as the inflammation subsides. In mild disease, drops may be used up to four to six times daily. Not more than 20 mL should be prescribed initially, and the prescription should not be refilled without further evaluation as outlined in PRECAUTIONS above.

MAXITROL^® (neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) is supplied as a sterile ophthalmic suspension in a white, low density polyethylene dispenser with a pink, polypropylene cap as follows:

5 mL in 8 mL bottle……………………………………………………….NDC 0998-0630-06

Storage: Store upright at 8°C to 27°C (46°F to 80°F).

After opening, MAXITROL (neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) can be used until the expiration date on the bottle.

© Novartis

Distributed by:
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
East Hanover, New Jersey 07936

T2021-61

May 2021

NDC 0998-0630-06

Alcon®

Maxitrol®

(neomycin and

polymyxin B sulfates

and dexamethasone

ophthalmic

suspension)

5 mL Sterile

NDC 0998-0630-06 Alcon® Maxitrol® (neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) 5 mL Sterile