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warnings
WARNINGS Alcohol should be used cautiously, if at all, in patients with liver impairment, in the presence of shock, following cranial surgery, in actual or anticipated postpartum hemorrhage, or in the presence of significant renal impairment. Alcohol decreases blood sugar in diabetic patients. In the untreated diabetic, the rate of alcohol metabolism is slowed. As a nutrient, alcohol supplies only calories. Given alone, it may cause or potentiate vitamin deficiencies and certain liver alterations. Alcohol crosses the placenta rapidly and enters the fetal circulation. It may also be found in the milk of lactating women. The use of these solutions in pregnancy should be carefully considered.
ADVERSE REACTIONS Alcoholic intoxication may occur with too rapid infusion. Vertigo, flushing, disorientation (especially in elderly patients), or sedation may also occur. An alcoholic odor may be noted in the breath. Generally, these effects can be avoided by slowing the rate of infusion. Too rapid infusion of hypertonic solutions may cause local pain and, rarely, vein irritation. Use of the largest available peripheral vein and a well-placed, small bore needle is recommended.