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warnings
WARNINGS Rarely, severe allergic reactions of an anaphylactoid nature, have been reported following administration of barium sulfate contrast agents. Appropriately trained personnel and facilities should be available for emergency treatment of severe reactions and should remain available for at least 30 to 60 minutes following administration, since delayed reactions can occur. Barium sulfate should not be used proximal to known or suspected obstruction of the colon, or in those cases where the use of barium sulfate is contraindicated. Care must be taken to avoid overinflation of the cuff, since overfilling, or asymmetrical filling with displacement of the tip, may occur. Such displacement can lead to rectal perforation, barium granulomas or vasovagal reactions, or may cause the cuff to deflate. Overinflation may cause the inflatable cuff to rupture with possible injury to the patient. The enema tip should also not be moved unnecessarily once inserted.
ADVERSE REACTIONS Adverse reactions, such as nausea,vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal cramping, accompanying the use of barium sulfate formulations are infrequent and usually mild. Severe reactions (approximately 1 in 1,000,000) and fatalities (approximately 1 in 10,000,000) have occurred. Procedural complications are rare, but may include aspiration pneumonitis, barium sulfate impaction, granuloma formation, intravasation, embolization and peritonitis following intestinal perforation, vasovagal and syncopal episodes, and fatalities. EKG changes have been reported following or during barium enema procedures. It is of the utmost importance to be completely prepared to treat any such occurrence.