GIMOTI

WARNING: TARDIVE DYSKINESIA Metoclopramide, including GIMOTI, can cause tardive dyskinesia (TD), a potentially irreversible serious movement disorder. In patients treated with metoclopramide, including GIMOTI, the risk of developing TD increases with duration of treatment and total cumulative dosage [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . GIMOTI is contraindicated in patients with a history of TD. Use GIMOTI for the shortest duration of treatment and periodically reassess the need for continued treatment. Immediately discontinue GIMOTI in patients who develop signs or symptoms of TD [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . Avoid a total duration of treatment with metoclopramide products, including GIMOTI, for longer than 12 weeks. If longer-term use is unavoidable, routinely monitor for signs and symptoms of TD [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . WARNING: TARDIVE DYSKINESIA See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning . Metoclopramide, including GIMOTI, can cause tardive dyskinesia (TD), a potentially irreversible serious movement disorder. In patients treated with metoclopramide, including GIMOTI, the risk of developing TD increases with duration of treatment and total cumulative dosage. ( 5.1 ) GIMOTI is contraindicated in patients with a history of TD. ( 4 ) Use GIMOTI for the shortest duration of treatment and periodically reassess the need for continued treatment. ( 2.2 , 5.1 ) Immediately discontinue GIMOTI in patients who develop signs or symptoms of TD. ( 5.1 ) Avoid a total duration of treatment with metoclopramide products, including GIMOTI, for longer than 12 weeks. If longer-term use is unavoidable, routinely monitor for signs and symptoms of TD. ( 5.1 )

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Tardive dyskinesia (TD), other extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), and neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) : Avoid concomitant use of other drugs known to cause TD/EPS/NMS and avoid use in patients with Parkinson's disease. If symptoms occur, discontinue GIMOTI and seek immediate medical attention. ( 5.1 , 5.2 , 5.3 , 7.1 , 7.2 ) Depression and suicidal ideation/suicide : Avoid use. ( 5.4 ) 5.1 Tardive Dyskinesia Metoclopramide, including GIMOTI, can cause tardive dyskinesia (TD), a syndrome of potentially irreversible and disfiguring involuntary movements of the face or tongue, and sometimes of the trunk and/or extremities. Metoclopramide, including GIMOTI, may also suppress, or partially suppress, the signs of TD, and may delay the diagnosis of TD because it may mask the underlying disease process. The effect of this symptomatic suppression upon the long-term course of TD is unknown. TD may remit, partially or completely, if GIMOTI treatment is discontinued. In patients treated with metoclopramide, including GIMOTI, the risk of developing TD and the likelihood that TD will become irreversible increases with duration of treatment and total cumulative dosage. Additionally, the risk of developing TD is increased in elderly patients, especially in elderly women [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.5 )] , and in patients with diabetes mellitus. Prevention, Mitigation, and Monitoring for TD GIMOTI is contraindicated in patients with a history of TD. Avoid use of GIMOTI in patients receiving concomitant antipsychotics due to the potential additive effects of TD [see Drug Interactions ( 7.1 )] . GIMOTI is not recommended in geriatric patients as initial therapy [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 )] . Use GIMOTI for the shortest duration of treatment and periodically reassess the need for continued treatment. Immediately discontinue GIMOTI immediately in patients who develop signs and symptoms of TD. Avoid a total duration of treatment with metoclopramide products, including GIMOTI, for longer than 12 weeks. If longer-term use is unavoidable, routinely monitor for signs and symptoms of TD. If patients have continued TD symptoms, consider TD treatment. 5.2 Other Extrapyramidal Symptoms In addition to TD, metoclopramide may cause other extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), parkinsonian symptoms, and motor restlessness. Advise patients to seek immediate medical attention if such symptoms occur and to discontinue GIMOTI. Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), such as acute dystonic reactions, occurred in patients treated with oral metoclopramide dosages of 30 mg to 40 mg daily. Such reactions occurred more frequently in adults less than 30 years of age and at higher than recommended dosages. EPS occurred more frequently in pediatric patients compared to adults (GIMOTI is not approved for use in pediatric patients). Symptoms can occur in the first 24 to 48 hours after starting metoclopramide. Symptoms included involuntary movements of limbs and facial grimacing, torticollis, oculogyric crisis, rhythmic protrusion of tongue, bulbar type of speech, trismus, or dystonic reactions resembling tetanus. Rarely, dystonic reactions were present as stridor and dyspnea, possibly due to laryngospasm. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride or benztropine mesylate may be used to treat these adverse reactions. Avoid GIMOTI in patients receiving other drugs that can cause EPS (e.g., antipsychotics). Parkinsonian symptoms (bradykinesia, tremor, cogwheel rigidity, mask-like facies) have occurred after starting metoclopramide, more commonly within the first 6 months, but also after longer periods. Symptoms generally have subsided within 2 to 3 months after discontinuation of metoclopramide. Avoid GIMOTI in patients with Parkinson’s disease and other patients being treated with antiparkinsonian drugs due to potential exacerbation of symptoms. If treatment is unavoidable, use GIMOTI for the shortest duration of treatment and periodically reassess the need for continued treatment. Routinely monitor for signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 )] . Motor restlessness (akathisia) has developed and consisted of feelings of anxiety, agitation, jitteriness, and insomnia, as well as inability to sit still, pacing, and foot tapping. Discontinue GIMOTI if these symptoms develop. 5.3 Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Metoclopramide may cause a potentially fatal symptom complex called neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). NMS has been reported in association with metoclopramide overdosage and concomitant treatment with another drug associated with NMS. Avoid GIMOTI in patients receiving other drugs associated with NMS, including typical and atypical antipsychotics. Clinical manifestations of NMS include hyperpyrexia, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and manifestations of autonomic instability (irregular pulse or blood pressure, tachycardia, diaphoresis, and cardiac arrhythmias). Additional signs may include elevated creatine phosphokinase, myoglobinuria (rhabdomyolysis), and acute renal failure. Patients with such symptoms should be evaluated immediately. In the diagnostic evaluation, consider the presence of other serious medical conditions (e.g., pneumonia, systemic infection) and untreated or inadequately treated extrapyramidal signs and symptoms. Other important considerations in the differential diagnosis include central anticholinergic toxicity, heat stroke, malignant hyperthermia, drug fever, serotonin syndrome, and primary central nervous system pathology. Management of NMS includes: Immediate discontinuation of GIMOTI and other drugs not essential to concurrent therapy [see Drug Interactions ( 7.1 )] . Intensive symptomatic treatment and medical monitoring. Treatment of any concomitant serious medical problems for which specific treatments are available. 5.4 Depression Depression has occurred in metoclopramide-treated patients with and without a history of depression. Symptoms have included suicidal ideation and suicide. Avoid GIMOTI use in patients with a history of depression. 5.5 Hypertension Metoclopramide may elevate blood pressure. In one study in hypertensive patients, intravenously administered metoclopramide was shown to release catecholamines; hence, avoid GIMOTI use in patients with hypertension or in patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors [see Drug Interactions ( 7.1 )] . There are also clinical reports of hypertensive crises in patients with undiagnosed pheochromocytoma. GIMOTI is contraindicated in patients with pheochromocytoma or other catecholamine-releasing paragangliomas [see Contraindications ( 4 )]. Discontinue GIMOTI in any patient with a rapid rise in blood pressure. 5.6 Fluid Retention Because metoclopramide produces a transient increase in plasma aldosterone, patients with cirrhosis or congestive heart failure may be at risk of developing fluid retention and volume overload. Discontinue GIMOTI if any of these adverse reactions occur. 5.7 Hyperprolactinemia As with other dopamine D 2 receptor antagonists, metoclopramide elevates prolactin levels. Hyperprolactinemia may suppress hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone, resulting in reduced pituitary gonadotropin secretion. This, in turn, may inhibit reproductive function by impairing gonadal steroidogenesis in both female and male patients. Galactorrhea, amenorrhea, gynecomastia, and impotence have been reported with prolactin-elevating drugs, including metoclopramide. Hyperprolactinemia may potentially stimulate prolactin-dependent breast cancer. However, some clinical studies and epidemiology studies have not shown an association between administration of dopamine D 2 receptor antagonists and tumorigenesis in humans [see Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.1 )]. 5.8 Effects on the Ability to Drive and Operate Machinery Metoclopramide may impair the mental and/or physical abilities required for the performance of hazardous tasks such as operating machinery or driving a motor vehicle. Concomitant use of central nervous system (CNS) depressants or drugs associated with EPS may increase this effect (e.g., alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, opiates, and anxiolytics). Avoid GIMOTI or the interacting drug, depending on the importance of the drug to the patient [see Drug Interactions ( 7.1 )]. 5.9 Risk of Adverse Reactions with GIMOTI in Patients with Moderate or Severe Renal and Hepatic Impairment, CYP2D6 Poor Metabolizers and Patients Taking Strong CYP2D6 Inhibitors Patients with moderate or severe renal or hepatic impairment, patients who are CYP2D6 poor metabolizers, and patients concurrently using strong CYP2D6 inhibitors have increased exposure to metoclopramide from GIMOTI due to reduced metabolism or excretion which may lead to an increased risk of adverse reactions, including tardive dyskinesia. Use of GIMOTI is not recommended in these patient populations since the dose of GIMOTI cannot be adjusted to reduce exposure [ see Drug Interactions ( 7.1 ), Use in Specific Populations ( 8.6 , 8.7 , 8.9) ] .

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions are described, or described in greater detail, in other sections of the labeling: Tardive dyskinesia [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Other extrapyramidal symptoms [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] Depression [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] Hypertension [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] Fluid retention [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] Hyperprolactinemia [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] Effects on the ability to drive and operate machinery [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] The following adverse reactions have been identified from clinical studies or postmarketing reports of metoclopramide. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. The safety of GIMOTI was evaluated in clinical trials of patients with gastroparesis and established in clinical trials of oral metoclopramide. Most common adverse reactions (≥5%) are: dysgeusia, headache, and fatigue. ( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Evoke Pharma, Inc. at 1-833-4-GIMOTI (1-833-444-6684), or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. Safety of GIMOTI In a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 190 male and female patients of GIMOTI 14 mg, a slightly lower than recommended dosage, administered nasally four times daily for 4 weeks, dysgeusia was the most commonly reported adverse reaction (15% of GIMOTI-treated patients and 4% of placebo-treated patients). Other adverse reactions were similar to those reported for oral metoclopramide. Safety of Oral Metoclopramide The most common adverse reactions (in approximately 10% of patients receiving the recommended oral metoclopramide dosage of 10 mg four times daily) were restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, and lassitude. In general, the incidence of adverse reactions correlated with the dosage and duration of metoclopramide administration. Adverse reactions, especially those involving the nervous system, occurred after stopping metoclopramide including dizziness, nervousness, and headaches. Central Nervous System Disorders Tardive dyskinesia, acute dystonic reactions, drug-induced parkinsonism, akathisia, and other extrapyramidal symptoms Convulsive seizures Hallucinations Restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, and lassitude occurred in approximately 10% of patients who received metoclopramide orally 10 mg four times daily. Insomnia, headache, confusion, dizziness, or depression with suicidal ideation occurred less frequently. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, serotonin syndrome (in combination with serotonergic agents) Endocrine Disorders : Fluid retention secondary to transient elevation of aldosterone, galactorrhea, amenorrhea, gynecomastia, impotence secondary to hyperprolactinemia Cardiovascular Disorders : Acute congestive heart failure, possible atrioventricular block, hypotension, hypertension, supraventricular tachycardia, bradycardia, fluid retention Gastrointestinal Disorders : Nausea, bowel disturbances (primarily diarrhea) Hepatic Disorders : Hepatotoxicity, characterized by, e.g., jaundice and altered liver function tests, when metoclopramide was administered with other drugs with known hepatotoxic potential Renal and Urinary Disorders : Urinary frequency, urinary incontinence Hematologic Disorders : Agranulocytosis, neutropenia, leukopenia, methemoglobinemia, sulfhemoglobinemia Hypersensitivity Reactions : Bronchospasm (especially in patients with a history of asthma), urticaria, rash, angioedema, including glossal or laryngeal edema Eye Disorders : Visual disturbances Metabolism Disorders : Porphyria